Tammer Yamany1, Jason Van Batavia, Cathy Mendelsohn. 1. aDepartment of Urology bDepartment of Genetics and Development cDepartment of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review addresses significant changes in our understanding of urothelial development and regeneration. Understanding urothelial differentiation will be important in the push to find new methods of bladder reconstruction and augmentation, as well as identification of bladder cancer stem cells. RECENT FINDINGS: This review will cover recent findings including the identification of novel progenitor cells in the embryo and adult urothelium, function of the urothelium, and regeneration of the urothelium. Using Cre-lox recombination with cell-type-specific Cre lines, lineage studies from our laboratory have revealed novel urothelial cell types and progenitors that are critical for formation and regeneration of the urothelium. Interestingly, our studies indicate that Keratin-5-expressing basal cells, which have previously been proposed to be urothelial stem cells, are a self-renewing unipotent population, whereas P-cells, a novel urothelial cell type, are progenitors in the embryo, and intermediate cells serve as a progenitor pool in the adult. SUMMARY: These findings could have important implications for our understanding of cancer tumorigenesis and could move the fields of regeneration and reconstruction forward.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review addresses significant changes in our understanding of urothelial development and regeneration. Understanding urothelial differentiation will be important in the push to find new methods of bladder reconstruction and augmentation, as well as identification of bladder cancer stem cells. RECENT FINDINGS: This review will cover recent findings including the identification of novel progenitor cells in the embryo and adult urothelium, function of the urothelium, and regeneration of the urothelium. Using Cre-lox recombination with cell-type-specific Cre lines, lineage studies from our laboratory have revealed novel urothelial cell types and progenitors that are critical for formation and regeneration of the urothelium. Interestingly, our studies indicate that Keratin-5-expressing basal cells, which have previously been proposed to be urothelial stem cells, are a self-renewing unipotent population, whereas P-cells, a novel urothelial cell type, are progenitors in the embryo, and intermediate cells serve as a progenitor pool in the adult. SUMMARY: These findings could have important implications for our understanding of cancer tumorigenesis and could move the fields of regeneration and reconstruction forward.
Authors: F Aura Kullmann; Dennis R Clayton; Wily G Ruiz; Amanda Wolf-Johnston; Christian Gauthier; Anthony Kanai; Lori A Birder; Gerard Apodaca Journal: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Date: 2017-03-22
Authors: Govindarajan Srimathveeravalli; Francois Cornelis; Thomas Wimmer; Sebastien Monette; Simon Y Kimm; Majid Maybody; Stephen B Solomon; Jonathan A Coleman; Jeremy C Durack Journal: J Vasc Interv Radiol Date: 2017-03-30 Impact factor: 3.464