Mio Sakuma1, Hiroyuki Ida2, Tsukasa Nakamura3, Yoshinori Ohta1, Kaori Yamamoto1, Susumu Seki1, Kayoko Hiroi4, Kiyoshi Kikuchi3, Kengo Nakayama3, David W Bates5, Takeshi Morimoto1. 1. Division of General Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. 2. Department of Pediatrics, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. 3. Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, Izumo, Shimane, Japan. 4. Women's and Children's Medical Center, Jikei University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. 5. Division of General Internal Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Knowledge about the epidemiology of adverse drug events (ADEs) and medication errors in paediatric inpatients is limited outside Western countries. To improve paediatric patient safety worldwide, assessing local epidemiology is essential. DESIGN: The Japan Adverse Drug Events (JADE) Study was a cohort study. SETTING: Paediatric inpatients at two tertiary care teaching hospitals in Japan. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ADEs and medication errors identified by onsite review of all medical charts, incident reports and prescription queries by pharmacists. Two independent physicians reviewed all incidents and classified ADEs and medication errors, as well as their severity and preventability. RESULTS: We enrolled 1189 admissions which included 12,691 patient-days during the study period, and identified 480 ADEs and 826 medication errors. The incidence of ADEs was 37.8 (95% CI 34.4 to 41.2) per 1000 patient-days and that of medication errors was 65.1 (95% CI 60.6 to 69.5) per 1000 patient-days. Among ADEs, 4%, 23% and 73% were fatal or life-threatening, serious and significant, respectively. Among the 480 ADEs, 36 (8%) were considered to be preventable which accounted for 4% of all medication errors, while 668 (81%) of all medication errors were judged to have the potential to cause harm to patients. The most common error stage for preventable ADEs was monitoring (78%) whereas 95% of potential ADEs occurred at the ordering stage. CONCLUSIONS: ADEs and medication errors were common in paediatric inpatients in Japan, though the proportion of ADEs that were preventable was low. The ordering and monitoring stages appeared most important for improving safety. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.
OBJECTIVES: Knowledge about the epidemiology of adverse drug events (ADEs) and medication errors in paediatric inpatients is limited outside Western countries. To improve paediatric patient safety worldwide, assessing local epidemiology is essential. DESIGN: The Japan Adverse Drug Events (JADE) Study was a cohort study. SETTING: Paediatric inpatients at two tertiary care teaching hospitals in Japan. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ADEs and medication errors identified by onsite review of all medical charts, incident reports and prescription queries by pharmacists. Two independent physicians reviewed all incidents and classified ADEs and medication errors, as well as their severity and preventability. RESULTS: We enrolled 1189 admissions which included 12,691 patient-days during the study period, and identified 480 ADEs and 826 medication errors. The incidence of ADEs was 37.8 (95% CI 34.4 to 41.2) per 1000 patient-days and that of medication errors was 65.1 (95% CI 60.6 to 69.5) per 1000 patient-days. Among ADEs, 4%, 23% and 73% were fatal or life-threatening, serious and significant, respectively. Among the 480 ADEs, 36 (8%) were considered to be preventable which accounted for 4% of all medication errors, while 668 (81%) of all medication errors were judged to have the potential to cause harm to patients. The most common error stage for preventable ADEs was monitoring (78%) whereas 95% of potential ADEs occurred at the ordering stage. CONCLUSIONS: ADEs and medication errors were common in paediatric inpatients in Japan, though the proportion of ADEs that were preventable was low. The ordering and monitoring stages appeared most important for improving safety. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.
Authors: Peter J Gates; Melissa T Baysari; Madlen Gazarian; Magdalena Z Raban; Sophie Meyerson; Johanna I Westbrook Journal: Drug Saf Date: 2019-11 Impact factor: 5.606