James R Ross1, Asheesh Bedi2, Rebecca M Stone3, Elizabeth Sibilsky Enselman2, Michael Leunig4, Bryan T Kelly5, Christopher M Larson3. 1. Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA orthodocjimross@gmail.com. 2. Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. 3. Minnesota Orthopedic Sports Medicine Institute at Twin Cities Orthopedics, Edina, Minnesota, USA. 4. Schulthess Klinik, Bern, Switzerland. 5. Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In the diagnosis and surgical treatment of cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), 3-dimensional (3D) imaging is the gold standard for detecting femoral head-neck junction malformations preoperatively. Intraoperative fluoroscopy is used by many surgeons to evaluate and verify adequate correction of the deformity. PURPOSE: (1) To compare radial reformatted computed tomography (CT) scans with 6 defined intraoperative fluoroscopic views before surgical correction to determine whether fluoroscopy could adequately depict cam deformity, and (2) to define the influence of femoral version on the clock-face location of the maximum cam deformity on these views. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. METHODS: A consecutive series of 50 hips (48 patients) that underwent arthroscopic treatment for symptomatic FAI by a single surgeon were analyzed. Each patient underwent a CT scan and 6 consistent intraoperative fluoroscopy views: 3 views in hip extension and 3 views in hip flexion of 50°. The alpha angles of each of the fluoroscopic images were compared with the radial reformatted CT using a 3D software program. Femoral version was also defined on CT studies. Statistical analysis was performed using the Student t test, with P < .05 defined as significant. RESULTS: Fifty-two percent of patients were male, average age 28 years (range, 15-56 years). The maximum mean alpha angle on fluoroscopy was 65° (range, 37°-93°) and was located on the anteroposterior (AP) 30° external rotation (ER) fluoroscopy view. In comparison, the mean CT-derived maximum alpha angle was 67° and was located at 1:15 (P = .57). The mean clock-face positions of each of the fluoroscopy views (standardized to the right hip) were AP 30° internal rotation, 11:45; AP 0° (neutral) rotation, 12:30; AP 30° ER, 1:00; flexion/0° (neutral) rotation, 1:45; flexion/40° ER, 2:15; and flexion/60° ER, 2:45. Increased femoral anteversion (>20°) was associated with a significant change in the location of the maximum alpha angle (1:45 vs 1:15; P = .002). CONCLUSION: The described 6 fluoroscopic views are very helpful in localization and visualization of the typical cam deformity from 11:45 to 2:45 and can be used to reliably confirm a complete intraoperative resection of cam-type deformity in most patients. These views correlate with preoperative 3D imaging and may be of even greater importance in the absence of preoperative 3D imaging.
BACKGROUND: In the diagnosis and surgical treatment of cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), 3-dimensional (3D) imaging is the gold standard for detecting femoral head-neck junction malformations preoperatively. Intraoperative fluoroscopy is used by many surgeons to evaluate and verify adequate correction of the deformity. PURPOSE: (1) To compare radial reformatted computed tomography (CT) scans with 6 defined intraoperative fluoroscopic views before surgical correction to determine whether fluoroscopy could adequately depict camdeformity, and (2) to define the influence of femoral version on the clock-face location of the maximum camdeformity on these views. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. METHODS: A consecutive series of 50 hips (48 patients) that underwent arthroscopic treatment for symptomatic FAI by a single surgeon were analyzed. Each patient underwent a CT scan and 6 consistent intraoperative fluoroscopy views: 3 views in hip extension and 3 views in hip flexion of 50°. The alpha angles of each of the fluoroscopic images were compared with the radial reformatted CT using a 3D software program. Femoral version was also defined on CT studies. Statistical analysis was performed using the Student t test, with P < .05 defined as significant. RESULTS: Fifty-two percent of patients were male, average age 28 years (range, 15-56 years). The maximum mean alpha angle on fluoroscopy was 65° (range, 37°-93°) and was located on the anteroposterior (AP) 30° external rotation (ER) fluoroscopy view. In comparison, the mean CT-derived maximum alpha angle was 67° and was located at 1:15 (P = .57). The mean clock-face positions of each of the fluoroscopy views (standardized to the right hip) were AP 30° internal rotation, 11:45; AP 0° (neutral) rotation, 12:30; AP 30° ER, 1:00; flexion/0° (neutral) rotation, 1:45; flexion/40° ER, 2:15; and flexion/60° ER, 2:45. Increased femoral anteversion (>20°) was associated with a significant change in the location of the maximum alpha angle (1:45 vs 1:15; P = .002). CONCLUSION: The described 6 fluoroscopic views are very helpful in localization and visualization of the typical camdeformity from 11:45 to 2:45 and can be used to reliably confirm a complete intraoperative resection of cam-type deformity in most patients. These views correlate with preoperative 3D imaging and may be of even greater importance in the absence of preoperative 3D imaging.
Authors: Steffen J Haider; Alan H Siegel; Kevin F Spratt; James B Ames; J Allen Graham; Yvonne Y Cheung Journal: Skeletal Radiol Date: 2017-11-06 Impact factor: 2.199
Authors: James R Ross; Christopher M Larson; Olusanjo Adeoye; Olusanjo Adeoyo; Bryan T Kelly; Asheesh Bedi Journal: Clin Orthop Relat Res Date: 2015-04 Impact factor: 4.176