Ji Hyun Kim1, Anthony Stein2, Nicole Tsai3, Timothy E Schultheiss1, Joycelynne Palmer3, An Liu1, Joseph Rosenthal4, Stephen J Forman2, Jeffrey Y C Wong5. 1. Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California. 2. Department of Hematology/Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California. 3. Department of Biostatistics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California. 4. Department of Hematology/Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California; Department of Pediatrics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California. 5. Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California. Electronic address: jwong@coh.org.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Approximately 5% to 20% of patients who undergo total body irradiation (TBI) in preparation for hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) can develop extramedullary (EM) relapse. Whereas total marrow and lymphoid irradiation (TMLI) provides a more conformally targeted radiation therapy for patients, organ sparing has the potential to place the patient at a higher risk for EM relapse than TBI. This study evaluated EM relapse in patients treated with TMLI at our institution. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patients eligible for analysis had been enrolled in 1 of 3 prospective TMLI trials between 2006 and 2012. The TMLI targeted bones, major lymph node chains, liver, spleen, testes, and brain, using image-guided tomotherapy with total dose ranging from 12 to 15 Gy. RESULTS: A total of 101 patients with a median age of 47 years were studied. The median follow-up was 12.8 months. Incidence of EM relapse and bone marrow (BM) relapse were 12.9% and 25.7%, respectively. Of the 13 patients who had EM relapse, 4 also had BM relapse, and 7 had EM disease prior to HCT. There were a total of 19 EM relapse sites as the site of initial recurrence: 11 soft tissue, 6 lymph node, 2 skin. Nine of these sites were within the target region and received ≥12 Gy. Ten initial EM relapse sites were outside of the target region: 5 sites received 10.1 to 11.4 Gy while 5 sites received <10 Gy. Pretransplantation EM was the only significant predictor of subsequent EM relapse. The cumulative incidence of EM relapse was 4% at 1 year and 11.4% at 2 years. CONCLUSIONS: EM relapse incidence was as frequent in regions receiving ≥10 Gy as those receiving <10 Gy. EM relapse rates following TMLI that included HCT regimens were comparable to published results with regimens including TBI and suggest that TMLI is not associated with an increased EM relapse risk.
PURPOSE: Approximately 5% to 20% of patients who undergo total body irradiation (TBI) in preparation for hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) can develop extramedullary (EM) relapse. Whereas total marrow and lymphoid irradiation (TMLI) provides a more conformally targeted radiation therapy for patients, organ sparing has the potential to place the patient at a higher risk for EM relapse than TBI. This study evaluated EM relapse in patients treated with TMLI at our institution. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patients eligible for analysis had been enrolled in 1 of 3 prospective TMLI trials between 2006 and 2012. The TMLI targeted bones, major lymph node chains, liver, spleen, testes, and brain, using image-guided tomotherapy with total dose ranging from 12 to 15 Gy. RESULTS: A total of 101 patients with a median age of 47 years were studied. The median follow-up was 12.8 months. Incidence of EM relapse and bone marrow (BM) relapse were 12.9% and 25.7%, respectively. Of the 13 patients who had EM relapse, 4 also had BM relapse, and 7 had EM disease prior to HCT. There were a total of 19 EM relapse sites as the site of initial recurrence: 11 soft tissue, 6 lymph node, 2 skin. Nine of these sites were within the target region and received ≥12 Gy. Ten initial EM relapse sites were outside of the target region: 5 sites received 10.1 to 11.4 Gy while 5 sites received <10 Gy. Pretransplantation EM was the only significant predictor of subsequent EM relapse. The cumulative incidence of EM relapse was 4% at 1 year and 11.4% at 2 years. CONCLUSIONS: EM relapse incidence was as frequent in regions receiving ≥10 Gy as those receiving <10 Gy. EM relapse rates following TMLI that included HCT regimens were comparable to published results with regimens including TBI and suggest that TMLI is not associated with an increased EM relapse risk.
Authors: Anthony Stein; Joycelynne Palmer; Ni-Chun Tsai; Monzr M Al Malki; Ibrahim Aldoss; Haris Ali; Ahmed Aribi; Len Farol; Chatchada Karanes; Samer Khaled; An Liu; Margaret O'Donnell; Pablo Parker; Anna Pawlowska; Vinod Pullarkat; Eric Radany; Joseph Rosenthal; Firoozeh Sahebi; Amandeep Salhotra; James F Sanchez; Tim Schultheiss; Ricardo Spielberger; Sandra H Thomas; David Snyder; Ryotaro Nakamura; Guido Marcucci; Stephen J Forman; Jeffrey Wong Journal: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant Date: 2017-01-10 Impact factor: 5.742
Authors: Bianca A W Hoeben; Jeffrey Y C Wong; Lotte S Fog; Christoph Losert; Andrea R Filippi; Søren M Bentzen; Adriana Balduzzi; Lena Specht Journal: Front Pediatr Date: 2021-12-03 Impact factor: 3.418
Authors: Andreas Springer; Josef Hammer; Erwin Winkler; Christine Track; Roswitha Huppert; Alexandra Böhm; Hedwig Kasparu; Ansgar Weltermann; Gregor Aschauer; Andreas L Petzer; Ernst Putz; Alexander Altenburger; Rainer Gruber; Karin Moser; Karin Wiesauer; Hans Geinitz Journal: Radiat Oncol Date: 2016-03-22 Impact factor: 3.481