Bilateral vertebral arteriovenous fistulas and atlantoaxial dislocation associated with neurofibromatosis--case report.

The authors report a rare case involving neurofibromatosis associated with bilateral vertebral arteriovenous fistulas and atlantoaxial dislocation. Multiple neurofibromas in the craniocervical junction appeared to be the cause of the atlantoaxial dislocation in this patient, and the dislocation might have contributed to the formation of the bilateral vertebral arteriovenous fistulas. The fistulas were successfully treated by a combination of balloon embolization and surgery followed by occipitocervical fusion.