K Takeuchi1, J Aida, K Ito, M Furuta, Y Yamashita, K Osaka. 1. K. Takeuchi, Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka-ken 812-8582, Japan, +81-92-642-6353, FAX: +81-92-642-6354, ktakeuchi@dent.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Although the presence of dysphagia is a key determinant of nutritional status among older adults, few studies have focused on the association between malnutrition and dysphagia risk in community-dwelling frail older adults. This study estimated the prevalence of malnutrition and quantified the association between malnutrition and dysphagia risk among community-dwelling older Japanese adults requiring long-term care. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: This study was conducted with the cooperation of the Japan Dental Association and local dental associations in all 47 prefectures from January to February 2012. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals aged ≥65 years capable of oral nutrient intake who were living at home and receiving home dental care and treatment. MEASUREMENTS: Individual demographic characteristics and factors associated with health loss-related functional decline were obtained through interviews by home-visit dentists and self-administered questionnaires. Nutritional status and dysphagia risk were evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form and the Dysphagia Risk Assessment for the Community-dwelling Elderly. RESULTS: Among 874 respondents (345 men and 529 women), 24.6% were malnourished, 67.4% were at risk of malnutrition, and 8.0% were well nourished. Dysphagia risk was related to an increased likelihood of malnutrition at an old age, even after adjusting for covariates (PR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.01-1.67). CONCLUSION: Malnutrition is highly prevalent among community-dwelling frail older adults, and dysphagia risk is independently associated with malnutrition. Dysphagia may be an important predictor of malnutrition progression in aged populations.
OBJECTIVES: Although the presence of dysphagia is a key determinant of nutritional status among older adults, few studies have focused on the association between malnutrition and dysphagia risk in community-dwelling frail older adults. This study estimated the prevalence of malnutrition and quantified the association between malnutrition and dysphagia risk among community-dwelling older Japanese adults requiring long-term care. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: This study was conducted with the cooperation of the Japan Dental Association and local dental associations in all 47 prefectures from January to February 2012. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals aged ≥65 years capable of oral nutrient intake who were living at home and receiving home dental care and treatment. MEASUREMENTS: Individual demographic characteristics and factors associated with health loss-related functional decline were obtained through interviews by home-visit dentists and self-administered questionnaires. Nutritional status and dysphagia risk were evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form and the Dysphagia Risk Assessment for the Community-dwelling Elderly. RESULTS: Among 874 respondents (345 men and 529 women), 24.6% were malnourished, 67.4% were at risk of malnutrition, and 8.0% were well nourished. Dysphagia risk was related to an increased likelihood of malnutrition at an old age, even after adjusting for covariates (PR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.01-1.67). CONCLUSION:Malnutrition is highly prevalent among community-dwelling frail older adults, and dysphagia risk is independently associated with malnutrition. Dysphagia may be an important predictor of malnutrition progression in aged populations.
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