Henrik Leonhardt1, Mikael Hellström1, Berit Gull2, Anna-Karin Lind2, Lars Nilsson2, Per Olof Janson2, Elisabet Stener-Victorin3. 1. Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. 2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. 3. Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: elisabet.stener-victorin@neuro.gu.se.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To characterize ovarian morphology and perfusion by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to investigate associations with antimüllerian hormone (AMH), free T, and glucose disposal rate (GDR). DESIGN: Explorative cross-sectional study. SETTING: University hospital. PATIENT(S): Fifty-eight women with PCOS and 31 controls from the general population. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Antral follicle count (AFC), ovarian/stromal volume, perfusion, AMH, free T, and GDR. RESULT(S): Antral follicles of 1-3 and 4-6 mm, but not 7-9 mm, were more numerous, and total AFC (1-9 mm) was higher in women with PCOS. Ovarian volume was larger in women with PCOS. AMH and free T were higher and GDR was lower in women with PCOS. All values were more deranged in classic compared with nonclassic PCOS. There was a positive correlation between AMH and AFC, 1-3 mm (r = 0.81), and between AMH and total AFC (r = 0.87). In receiver operating characteristic analyses, the area under the curve was 0.89 for total AFC, 0.86 for AMH, and 0.90 for free T. PCOS was independently associated with AFC and free T but not with AMH or GDR when adjusted for age and body mass index. CONCLUSION(S): Counting antral follicles down to 1 mm in size by MRI yielded higher AFCs than previously reported. AFC, AMH, and free T discriminated with high accuracy between women with PCOS and controls, but AMH was not independently associated with PCOS. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT00484705.
OBJECTIVE: To characterize ovarian morphology and perfusion by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to investigate associations with antimüllerian hormone (AMH), free T, and glucose disposal rate (GDR). DESIGN: Explorative cross-sectional study. SETTING: University hospital. PATIENT(S): Fifty-eight women with PCOS and 31 controls from the general population. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Antral follicle count (AFC), ovarian/stromal volume, perfusion, AMH, free T, and GDR. RESULT(S): Antral follicles of 1-3 and 4-6 mm, but not 7-9 mm, were more numerous, and total AFC (1-9 mm) was higher in women with PCOS. Ovarian volume was larger in women with PCOS. AMH and free T were higher and GDR was lower in women with PCOS. All values were more deranged in classic compared with nonclassic PCOS. There was a positive correlation between AMH and AFC, 1-3 mm (r = 0.81), and between AMH and total AFC (r = 0.87). In receiver operating characteristic analyses, the area under the curve was 0.89 for total AFC, 0.86 for AMH, and 0.90 for free T. PCOS was independently associated with AFC and free T but not with AMH or GDR when adjusted for age and body mass index. CONCLUSION(S): Counting antral follicles down to 1 mm in size by MRI yielded higher AFCs than previously reported. AFC, AMH, and free T discriminated with high accuracy between women with PCOS and controls, but AMH was not independently associated with PCOS. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT00484705.
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