Performance of an automated system for capillary microinjection into living cells.

An automated capillary microinjection system for nuclear and cytoplasmic injections into cells is described. The system has been tested with samples of DNA, RNA and proteins. Movements of the capillary with precise cell positioning and time of injections are controlled by a computer. This first automated microinjection system allows injection of more than 1500 cells per hour with a minimum of practical training, volumes injected are more reproducible and cells are less damaged when compared with the standard manual injection technique. Retrieval of the injected cells is accurate to within 1% without complicated and laborious produced orientation marks on the cell support. The number of successfully injected cells is easily determined with great accuracy and the error of the statistical evaluation of the results is reduced to a minimum. Standardized procedures for pulling, handling and storage of the injection capillaries were developed.