Myriam C Afeiche1, Naima D Bridges2, Paige L Williams3, Audrey J Gaskins4, Cigdem Tanrikut5, John C Petrozza6, Russ Hauser7, Jorge E Chavarro8. 1. Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address: mafeiche@hsph.harvard.edu. 2. Department of Global Health and Population Global Health MPH Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois. 3. Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. 4. Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. 5. Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. 6. Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. 7. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. 8. Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between dairy food intake and semen parameters. DESIGN: Longitudinal study. SETTING: Academic medical center fertility clinic. PATIENT(S): One hundred fifty-five men. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Total sperm count, sperm concentration, progressive motility, morphology, and semen volume. RESULT(S): Low-fat dairy intake was positively related to sperm concentration and progressive motility. On average, men in the highest quartile of intake (1.22-3.54 servings/d) had 33% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1, 55) higher sperm concentration and 9.3 percentage units (95% CI 1.4, 17.2) higher sperm motility than men in the lowest quartile of intake (≤0.28 servings/d). These associations were primarily explained by intake of low-fat milk. The corresponding results for low-fat milk were 30% (95% CI 1, 51) higher sperm concentration and 8.7 percentage units (95% CI 3.0, 14.4) higher sperm motility. Cheese intake was associated with lower sperm concentration among ever-smokers. In this group, men in the highest tertile of intake (0.82-2.43 servings/d) had 53.2% (95% CI 9.7, 75.7) lower sperm concentration than men in the lowest tertile of cheese intake (<0.43 servings/d). CONCLUSION(S): Our findings suggest that low-fat dairy intake, particularly low-fat milk, is related to higher sperm concentration and progressive motility, whereas cheese intake is related to lower sperm concentration among past or current smokers.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between dairy food intake and semen parameters. DESIGN: Longitudinal study. SETTING: Academic medical center fertility clinic. PATIENT(S): One hundred fifty-five men. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Total sperm count, sperm concentration, progressive motility, morphology, and semen volume. RESULT(S): Low-fat dairy intake was positively related to sperm concentration and progressive motility. On average, men in the highest quartile of intake (1.22-3.54 servings/d) had 33% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1, 55) higher sperm concentration and 9.3 percentage units (95% CI 1.4, 17.2) higher sperm motility than men in the lowest quartile of intake (≤0.28 servings/d). These associations were primarily explained by intake of low-fat milk. The corresponding results for low-fat milk were 30% (95% CI 1, 51) higher sperm concentration and 8.7 percentage units (95% CI 3.0, 14.4) higher sperm motility. Cheese intake was associated with lower sperm concentration among ever-smokers. In this group, men in the highest tertile of intake (0.82-2.43 servings/d) had 53.2% (95% CI 9.7, 75.7) lower sperm concentration than men in the lowest tertile of cheese intake (<0.43 servings/d). CONCLUSION(S): Our findings suggest that low-fat dairy intake, particularly low-fat milk, is related to higher sperm concentration and progressive motility, whereas cheese intake is related to lower sperm concentration among past or current smokers.
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