Karen R Kelly1, Sankar D Navaneethan, Thomas P J Solomon, Jacob M Haus, Marc Cook, Hope Barkoukis, John P Kirwan. 1. 1Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; 2Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; 3Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; 4Department of Physiology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; and 5Metabolic Translational Research Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Several studies have identified relationships between weight loss and adipokine levels; however, none have looked at the combined effect of aerobic exercise training with the consumption of a low- or a high-glycemic diet. We examined the effects of 12 wk of aerobic exercise combined with either a low-glycemic index diet (∼40 U) plus exercise (LoGIX) or a high-glycemic index diet (∼80 U) diet plus exercise (HiGIX) on plasma leptin and adiponectin (total and high molecular weight [HMW]) in 27 older obese adults (age = 65 ± 0.5 yr, body mass index = 34.5 ± 0.7 kg·m). METHODS:Insulin sensitivity was calculated from an oral glucose tolerance test. Fasting HMW adiponectin and leptin were quantified from plasma samples obtained before the insulin sensitivity index obtained from the oral glucose tolerance test. Glucose and insulin measures were obtained before and every 30 min during the test. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and computerized tomography were used to determine body composition and to quantify subcutaneous and visceral abdominal adiposity, respectively. RESULTS:Fasting leptin was significantly decreased in both groups (LoGIX: preintervention = 33.8 ± 4.7, postintervention = 19.2 ± 4.5; HiGIX: preintervention = 27.9 ± 4.2, postintervention = 11.9 ± 2.2 ng·mL; P = 0.004), and HMW adiponectin was significantly increased (LoGIX: preintervention = 1606.9 ± 34.6, postintervention = 3502.3 ± 57; HiGIX: preintervention = 3704.8 ± 38.1, postintervention = 4284.3 ± 52.8 pg·mL; P = 0.003) after the 12-wk intervention. Total body fat was reduced after both interventions. Visceral fat mass was inversely correlated with HMW adiponectin, whereas subcutaneous fat correlated with leptin. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that exercise training, independent of dietary glycemic index, favorably alters HMW adiponectin and leptin secretion and that a reduction in visceral fat mass is a key factor regulating HMW adiponectin in older obese persons.
RCT Entities:
PURPOSE: Several studies have identified relationships between weight loss and adipokine levels; however, none have looked at the combined effect of aerobic exercise training with the consumption of a low- or a high-glycemic diet. We examined the effects of 12 wk of aerobic exercise combined with either a low-glycemic index diet (∼40 U) plus exercise (LoGIX) or a high-glycemic index diet (∼80 U) diet plus exercise (HiGIX) on plasma leptin and adiponectin (total and high molecular weight [HMW]) in 27 older obese adults (age = 65 ± 0.5 yr, body mass index = 34.5 ± 0.7 kg·m). METHODS:Insulin sensitivity was calculated from an oral glucose tolerance test. Fasting HMW adiponectin and leptin were quantified from plasma samples obtained before the insulin sensitivity index obtained from the oral glucose tolerance test. Glucose and insulin measures were obtained before and every 30 min during the test. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and computerized tomography were used to determine body composition and to quantify subcutaneous and visceral abdominal adiposity, respectively. RESULTS: Fasting leptin was significantly decreased in both groups (LoGIX: preintervention = 33.8 ± 4.7, postintervention = 19.2 ± 4.5; HiGIX: preintervention = 27.9 ± 4.2, postintervention = 11.9 ± 2.2 ng·mL; P = 0.004), and HMW adiponectin was significantly increased (LoGIX: preintervention = 1606.9 ± 34.6, postintervention = 3502.3 ± 57; HiGIX: preintervention = 3704.8 ± 38.1, postintervention = 4284.3 ± 52.8 pg·mL; P = 0.003) after the 12-wk intervention. Total body fat was reduced after both interventions. Visceral fat mass was inversely correlated with HMW adiponectin, whereas subcutaneous fat correlated with leptin. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that exercise training, independent of dietary glycemic index, favorably alters HMW adiponectin and leptin secretion and that a reduction in visceral fat mass is a key factor regulating HMW adiponectin in older obesepersons.
Authors: Karen R Kelly; Alecia Blaszczak; Jacob M Haus; Aimee Patrick-Melin; Ciaran E Fealy; Thomas P J Solomon; Michael I Kalinski; John P Kirwan Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 2012-01 Impact factor: 5.411
Authors: Z Zhang; E Lanza; A C Ross; P S Albert; N H Colburn; M J Rovine; D Bagshaw; J S Ulbrecht; T J Hartman Journal: Eur J Clin Nutr Date: 2011-01-05 Impact factor: 4.016
Authors: Karen R Kelly; Jacob M Haus; Thomas P J Solomon; Aimee J Patrick-Melin; Marc Cook; Michael Rocco; Hope Barkoukis; John P Kirwan Journal: J Nutr Date: 2011-04-27 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Steven K Malin; Nicole Niemi; Thomas P J Solomon; Jacob M Haus; Karen R Kelly; Julianne Filion; Michael Rocco; Sangeeta R Kashyap; Hope Barkoukis; John P Kirwan Journal: Ann Nutr Metab Date: 2012 Impact factor: 3.374
Authors: Edward P Weiss; Dominic N Reeds; Uthayashanker R Ezekiel; Stewart G Albert; Dennis T Villareal Journal: Endocrine Date: 2016-09-07 Impact factor: 3.633
Authors: E R Miranda; K N Z Fuller; R K Perkins; C M Kroeger; J F Trepanowski; K A Varady; J M Haus Journal: Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis Date: 2018-08-02 Impact factor: 4.222
Authors: Sankar D Navaneethan; Ciaran E Fealy; Amanda C Scelsi; Susana Arrigain; Steven K Malin; John P Kirwan Journal: Am J Nephrol Date: 2015-10-24 Impact factor: 3.754