M L Hartvigsen1, H N Lærke2, A Overgaard1, J J Holst3, K E Bach Knudsen2, K Hermansen1. 1. Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. 2. Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark. 3. NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Prospective studies have shown an inverse relationship between whole grain consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes, where short chain fatty acids (SCFA) may be involved. Our objective was to determine the effect of isolated arabinoxylan alone or in combination with whole grain rye kernels on postprandial glucose, insulin, free fatty acids (FFA), gut hormones, SCFA and appetite in subjects with the metabolic syndrome (MetS). SUBJECTS/ METHODS:Fifteen subjects with MetS participated in this acute, randomised, cross-over study. The test meals each providing 50 g of digestible carbohydrate were as follows: semolina porridge added concentrated arabinoxylan (AX), rye kernels (RK) or concentrated arabinoxylan combined with rye kernels (AXRK) and semolina porridge as control (SE). A standard lunch was served 4 h after the test meals. Blood samples were drawn during a 6-h period, and appetite scores and breath hydrogen were assessed every 30 min. RESULTS: The AXRK meal reduced the acute glucose (P=0.005) and insulin responses (P<0.001) and the feeling of hunger (P=0.005; 0-360 min) compared with the control meal. The AX and AXRK meals increased butyrate and acetate concentrations after 6 h. No significant differences were found for the second meal responses of glucose, insulin, FFA, glucagon-like peptide-1 or ghrelin. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate a stimulatory effect of arabinoxylan on butyrate and acetate production, however, with no detectable effect on the second meal glucose response. It remains to be tested in a long-term study if a beneficial effect on the glucose response of the isolated arabinoxylan will be related to the SCFA production.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Prospective studies have shown an inverse relationship between whole grain consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes, where short chain fatty acids (SCFA) may be involved. Our objective was to determine the effect of isolated arabinoxylan alone or in combination with whole grain rye kernels on postprandial glucose, insulin, free fatty acids (FFA), gut hormones, SCFA and appetite in subjects with the metabolic syndrome (MetS). SUBJECTS/ METHODS: Fifteen subjects with MetS participated in this acute, randomised, cross-over study. The test meals each providing 50 g of digestible carbohydrate were as follows: semolina porridge added concentrated arabinoxylan (AX), rye kernels (RK) or concentrated arabinoxylan combined with rye kernels (AXRK) and semolina porridge as control (SE). A standard lunch was served 4 h after the test meals. Blood samples were drawn during a 6-h period, and appetite scores and breath hydrogen were assessed every 30 min. RESULTS: The AXRK meal reduced the acute glucose (P=0.005) and insulin responses (P<0.001) and the feeling of hunger (P=0.005; 0-360 min) compared with the control meal. The AX and AXRK meals increased butyrate and acetate concentrations after 6 h. No significant differences were found for the second meal responses of glucose, insulin, FFA, glucagon-like peptide-1 or ghrelin. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate a stimulatory effect of arabinoxylan on butyrate and acetate production, however, with no detectable effect on the second meal glucose response. It remains to be tested in a long-term study if a beneficial effect on the glucose response of the isolated arabinoxylan will be related to the SCFA production.
Authors: Liza A H Rosén; Elin M Östman; Peter R Shewry; Jane L Ward; Annika A M Andersson; Vieno Piironen; Anna-Maija Lampi; Marianne Rakszegi; Zoltan Bedö; Inger M E Björck Journal: J Agric Food Chem Date: 2011-10-31 Impact factor: 5.279
Authors: A L Garcia; J Steiniger; S C Reich; M O Weickert; I Harsch; A Machowetz; M Mohlig; J Spranger; N N Rudovich; F Meuser; J Doerfer; N Katz; M Speth; H J F Zunft; A H F Pfeiffer; C Koebnick Journal: Horm Metab Res Date: 2006-11 Impact factor: 2.936
Authors: Katri S Juntunen; Leo K Niskanen; Kirsi H Liukkonen; Kaisa S Poutanen; Jens J Holst; Hannu M Mykkänen Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2002-02 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: B J Rolls; V H Castellanos; J C Halford; A Kilara; D Panyam; C L Pelkman; G P Smith; M L Thorwart Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 1998-06 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: A J Wanders; J J G C van den Borne; C de Graaf; T Hulshof; M C Jonathan; M Kristensen; M Mars; H A Schols; E J M Feskens Journal: Obes Rev Date: 2011-06-16 Impact factor: 9.213
Authors: Liza A H Rosén; Lorena O Blanco Silva; Ulrika K Andersson; Cecilia Holm; Elin M Ostman; Inger M E Björck Journal: Nutr J Date: 2009-09-25 Impact factor: 3.271
Authors: Henrik Munch Roager; Josef K Vogt; Mette Kristensen; Lea Benedicte S Hansen; Sabine Ibrügger; Rasmus B Mærkedahl; Martin Iain Bahl; Mads Vendelbo Lind; Rikke L Nielsen; Hanne Frøkiær; Rikke Juul Gøbel; Rikard Landberg; Alastair B Ross; Susanne Brix; Jesper Holck; Anne S Meyer; Morten H Sparholt; Anders F Christensen; Vera Carvalho; Bolette Hartmann; Jens Juul Holst; Jüri Johannes Rumessen; Allan Linneberg; Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén; Marlene D Dalgaard; Andreas Blennow; Henrik Lauritz Frandsen; Silas Villas-Bôas; Karsten Kristiansen; Henrik Vestergaard; Torben Hansen; Claus T Ekstrøm; Christian Ritz; Henrik Bjørn Nielsen; Oluf Borbye Pedersen; Ramneek Gupta; Lotte Lauritzen; Tine Rask Licht Journal: Gut Date: 2017-11-01 Impact factor: 23.059