Lipid-polymer nanoparticles encapsulating curcumin for modulating the vascular deposition of breast cancer cells.

Vascular adhesion and endothelial transmigration are critical steps in the establishment of distant metastasis by circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Also, vascular inflammation plays a pivotal role in steering CTCs out of the blood stream. Here, long circulating lipid-polymer nanoparticles encapsulating curcumin (NANOCurc) are proposed for modulating the vascular deposition of CTCs. Upon treatment with NANOCurc, the adhesion propensity of highly metastatic breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) onto TNF-α stimulated endothelial cells (HUVECs) reduces by ~70%, in a capillary flow. Remarkably, the CTCs vascular deposition already reduces up to ~50% by treating solely the inflamed HUVECs. The CTCs arrest is mediated by the interaction between ICAM-1 on HUVECs and MUC-1 on cancer cells, and moderate doses of curcumin down-regulate the expression of both molecules. This suggests that NANOCurc could prevent metastasis and limit the progression of the disease by modulating vascular inflammation and impairing the CTCs arrest. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR: In this novel study, lipid nanoparticles encapsulating curcumin were able to prevent metastasis formation and limited the progression of the disease by modulating vascular inflammation and impairing the circulating tumor cells' arrest as a result of down-regulation of ICAM1 and MUC1 in a highly metastatic breast cancer cell line model.