| Literature DB >> 24555176 |
Dorlan J Kimbrough1, Kazuo Fujihara2, Anu Jacob3, Marco A Lana-Peixoto4, Maria Isabel Leite5, Michael Levy1, Romain Marignier6, Ichiro Nakashima2, Jacqueline Palace5, Jérôme de Seze7, Olaf Stuve8, Silvia N Tenembaum9, Anthony Traboulsee10, Emmanuelle Waubant11, Brian G Weinshenker12, Dean M Wingerchuk13.
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease preferentially targeting the optic nerves and spinal cord. Once regarded as a variant of multiple sclerosis (MS), NMO is now recognized to be a different disease with unique pathology and immunopathogenesis that does not respond to traditional MS immunomodulators such as interferons. Preventive therapy in NMO has focused on a range of immunosuppressive medications, none of which have been validated in a rigorous randomized trial. However, multiple retrospective and a few recent prospective studies have provided evidence for the use of six medications for the prevention of NMO exacerbations: azathioprine, rituximab, mycophenolate mofetil, prednisone, methotrexate and mitoxantrone. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of each of these medications in NMO and concludes with a set of recommended consensus practices.Entities:
Keywords: Neuromyelitis optica; aquaporin 4; drug therapy; immunosuppression
Year: 2012 PMID: 24555176 PMCID: PMC3926208 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2012.06.002
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Mult Scler Relat Disord ISSN: 2211-0348 Impact factor: 4.339