Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome with transverse testicular ectopia and seminoma.

Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is a rare form of the 46 XY disorders of sexual differentiation, characterized by the presence of a uterus and fallopian tubes due to the failure of Mullerian duct regression in genotypically normal males. More than 150 cases have been recorded, most of them in adults. In most cases, the PMDS is discovered during surgery for inguinal hernia or cryptorchidism, or by the presence of transverse testicular ectopia (TTE). The presence of PMDS with TTE is even more uncommon. In TTE, both testes descend through the same inguinal canal into the same scrotal sac. Patients with TTE present with symptoms of unilateral cryptorchidism and a contralateral inguinal hernia. For patients with inguinal hernia and cryptorchidism associated with TTE, PMDS should be kept in mind, and radiologic evaluation such as ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging of the genitourinary system and karyotyping are recommended. Whereas radiologic evaluation could be helpful in the diagnosis of TTE, it cannot diagnose the malignancy itself. The case explained in this report will offer urologists additional useful treatment strategies for patients with inguinal hernia and cryptorchidism.