Michael R Skilton1, Tim R Sullivan2, Julian G Ayer3, Frances L Garden4, Jason A Harmer5, Stephen R Leeder6, Brett G Toelle7, Karen Webb8, Guy B Marks7, David S Celermajer9. 1. Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, University of Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: michael.skilton@sydney.edu.au. 2. Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia. 3. The Heart Centre for Children, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia. 4. Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia; Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Australia; Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia. 5. Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia. 6. Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia; Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia; Menzies Centre for Health Policy, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. 7. Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Australia. 8. Atkins Center for Weight and Health, Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology and School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. 9. Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Early life is an important period for determining future risk of cardiovascular disease. Carotid extra-medial thickness is a novel noninvasive measure that estimates arterial adventitial thickness, information concerning vascular health not captured by assessment of arterial intima-media thickness alone. We sought to determine whether fetal growth and early postnatal growth are associated with carotid extra-medial thickness in 8 year old children. METHODS: Carotid extra-medial thickness was assessed by high-resolution ultrasound in 379 non-diabetic children aged 8-years, with complete data for birth weight, gestational age, early postnatal weight gain and carotid extra-medial thickness. RESULTS: Weight gain during infancy, from birth to 18 months of age, was significantly and positively associated with carotid EMT (11 μm per kg length-adjusted weight gain [95% CI 3, 18], P=0.007). This association was significantly stronger in boys than girls (Pheterogeneity=0.005). By contrast, there was no significant association between birth weight and carotid EMT (6 μm/kg birth weight [95% CI -12, 24], P=0.51). CONCLUSION: Excessive weight gain during infancy is associated with increased carotid extra-medial thickness, indicating that the alterations to the vasculature associated with excessive early postnatal growth likely include arterial adventitial thickening.
OBJECTIVE: Early life is an important period for determining future risk of cardiovascular disease. Carotid extra-medial thickness is a novel noninvasive measure that estimates arterial adventitial thickness, information concerning vascular health not captured by assessment of arterial intima-media thickness alone. We sought to determine whether fetal growth and early postnatal growth are associated with carotid extra-medial thickness in 8 year old children. METHODS: Carotid extra-medial thickness was assessed by high-resolution ultrasound in 379 non-diabeticchildren aged 8-years, with complete data for birth weight, gestational age, early postnatal weight gain and carotid extra-medial thickness. RESULTS:Weight gain during infancy, from birth to 18 months of age, was significantly and positively associated with carotid EMT (11 μm per kg length-adjusted weight gain [95% CI 3, 18], P=0.007). This association was significantly stronger in boys than girls (Pheterogeneity=0.005). By contrast, there was no significant association between birth weight and carotid EMT (6 μm/kg birth weight [95% CI -12, 24], P=0.51). CONCLUSION:Excessive weight gain during infancy is associated with increased carotid extra-medial thickness, indicating that the alterations to the vasculature associated with excessive early postnatal growth likely include arterial adventitial thickening.
Authors: Juan M Castro; Victoria García-Espinosa; Agustina Zinoveev; Mariana Marin; Cecilia Severi; Pedro Chiesa; Daniel Bia; Yanina Zócalo Journal: J Cardiovasc Dev Dis Date: 2019-09-06
Authors: Romy Gonçalves; Clarissa J Wiertsema; Carolina C V Silva; Giulietta S Monasso; Romy Gaillard; Eric A P Steegers; Susana Santos; Vincent W V Jaddoe Journal: JAMA Netw Open Date: 2022-06-01