UNLABELLED: The identification of the presence of large RNA transcripts that do not code for proteins but that may have biological functions has provided an important new perspective in gene regulation. These long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are being increasingly recognized to contribute to many biological processes through diverse mechanisms. The roles of these emerging genes are being recognized across kingdoms. These findings are profoundly altering our understanding of disease pathobiology and leading to the emergence of new biological concepts underlying human diseases. Strategies for the discovery and characterization of lncRNAs are highlighted. Several lncRNAs have been described in liver disease, and in liver cancers in particular. Their molecular mechanisms of action, function, and contributions to disease pathophysiology are reviewed. LncRNA genes associated with liver diseases have potential roles as biomarkers of disease diagnosis, prognosis, or therapeutic response as well as direct targets for therapeutic intervention. CONCLUSION: The emerging knowledge in this rapidly advancing field offers promise for new fundamental knowledge and clinical applications that will be relevant for human liver diseases.
UNLABELLED: The identification of the presence of large RNA transcripts that do not code for proteins but that may have biological functions has provided an important new perspective in gene regulation. These long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are being increasingly recognized to contribute to many biological processes through diverse mechanisms. The roles of these emerging genes are being recognized across kingdoms. These findings are profoundly altering our understanding of disease pathobiology and leading to the emergence of new biological concepts underlying human diseases. Strategies for the discovery and characterization of lncRNAs are highlighted. Several lncRNAs have been described in liver disease, and in liver cancers in particular. Their molecular mechanisms of action, function, and contributions to disease pathophysiology are reviewed. LncRNA genes associated with liver diseases have potential roles as biomarkers of disease diagnosis, prognosis, or therapeutic response as well as direct targets for therapeutic intervention. CONCLUSION: The emerging knowledge in this rapidly advancing field offers promise for new fundamental knowledge and clinical applications that will be relevant for humanliver diseases.
Authors: Marie van Dijk; Hari K Thulluru; Joyce Mulders; Omar J Michel; Ankie Poutsma; Sandra Windhorst; Gunilla Kleiverda; Daoud Sie; Augusta M A Lachmeijer; Cees B M Oudejans Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 2012-10-24 Impact factor: 14.808
Authors: Katrin Panzitt; Marisa M O Tschernatsch; Christian Guelly; Tarek Moustafa; Martin Stradner; Heimo M Strohmaier; Charles R Buck; Helmut Denk; Renée Schroeder; Michael Trauner; Kurt Zatloukal Journal: Gastroenterology Date: 2006-08-14 Impact factor: 22.682
Authors: P Carninci; T Kasukawa; S Katayama; J Gough; M C Frith; N Maeda; R Oyama; T Ravasi; B Lenhard; C Wells; R Kodzius; K Shimokawa; V B Bajic; S E Brenner; S Batalov; A R R Forrest; M Zavolan; M J Davis; L G Wilming; V Aidinis; J E Allen; A Ambesi-Impiombato; R Apweiler; R N Aturaliya; T L Bailey; M Bansal; L Baxter; K W Beisel; T Bersano; H Bono; A M Chalk; K P Chiu; V Choudhary; A Christoffels; D R Clutterbuck; M L Crowe; E Dalla; B P Dalrymple; B de Bono; G Della Gatta; D di Bernardo; T Down; P Engstrom; M Fagiolini; G Faulkner; C F Fletcher; T Fukushima; M Furuno; S Futaki; M Gariboldi; P Georgii-Hemming; T R Gingeras; T Gojobori; R E Green; S Gustincich; M Harbers; Y Hayashi; T K Hensch; N Hirokawa; D Hill; L Huminiecki; M Iacono; K Ikeo; A Iwama; T Ishikawa; M Jakt; A Kanapin; M Katoh; Y Kawasawa; J Kelso; H Kitamura; H Kitano; G Kollias; S P T Krishnan; A Kruger; S K Kummerfeld; I V Kurochkin; L F Lareau; D Lazarevic; L Lipovich; J Liu; S Liuni; S McWilliam; M Madan Babu; M Madera; L Marchionni; H Matsuda; S Matsuzawa; H Miki; F Mignone; S Miyake; K Morris; S Mottagui-Tabar; N Mulder; N Nakano; H Nakauchi; P Ng; R Nilsson; S Nishiguchi; S Nishikawa; F Nori; O Ohara; Y Okazaki; V Orlando; K C Pang; W J Pavan; G Pavesi; G Pesole; N Petrovsky; S Piazza; J Reed; J F Reid; B Z Ring; M Ringwald; B Rost; Y Ruan; S L Salzberg; A Sandelin; C Schneider; C Schönbach; K Sekiguchi; C A M Semple; S Seno; L Sessa; Y Sheng; Y Shibata; H Shimada; K Shimada; D Silva; B Sinclair; S Sperling; E Stupka; K Sugiura; R Sultana; Y Takenaka; K Taki; K Tammoja; S L Tan; S Tang; M S Taylor; J Tegner; S A Teichmann; H R Ueda; E van Nimwegen; R Verardo; C L Wei; K Yagi; H Yamanishi; E Zabarovsky; S Zhu; A Zimmer; W Hide; C Bult; S M Grimmond; R D Teasdale; E T Liu; V Brusic; J Quackenbush; C Wahlestedt; J S Mattick; D A Hume; C Kai; D Sasaki; Y Tomaru; S Fukuda; M Kanamori-Katayama; M Suzuki; J Aoki; T Arakawa; J Iida; K Imamura; M Itoh; T Kato; H Kawaji; N Kawagashira; T Kawashima; M Kojima; S Kondo; H Konno; K Nakano; N Ninomiya; T Nishio; M Okada; C Plessy; K Shibata; T Shiraki; S Suzuki; M Tagami; K Waki; A Watahiki; Y Okamura-Oho; H Suzuki; J Kawai; Y Hayashizaki Journal: Science Date: 2005-09-02 Impact factor: 47.728