BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and childhood-onset psychosis (COP) are chronic, heterogeneous disorders with symptoms that frequently co-occur, but the etiology of their comorbidity is unknown. Studies of each disorder indicate that both ADHD and COP are associated with a range of neuropsychological weaknesses, but few neuropsychological studies have directly compared groups with ADHD and COP. METHODS: Groups with ADHD only (32 F, 48 M), COP only (5 F, 5 M), ADHD + COP (9 F, 21 M), and a control group with neither disorder (25 F, 44 M) completed a neuropsychological battery that included measures of verbal working memory, response inhibition, response speed and variability, and selective attention. RESULTS: All three clinical groups exhibited significantly lower performance versus the control group on all neuropsychological measures, whereas the only significant difference between the clinical groups was a significantly larger weakness in verbal working memory in the groups with COP. CONCLUSIONS: The frequent co-occurrence between COP and ADHD may reflect shared neuropsychological weaknesses that are most pronounced on measures of working memory and response variability.
BACKGROUND:Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and childhood-onset psychosis (COP) are chronic, heterogeneous disorders with symptoms that frequently co-occur, but the etiology of their comorbidity is unknown. Studies of each disorder indicate that both ADHD and COP are associated with a range of neuropsychological weaknesses, but few neuropsychological studies have directly compared groups with ADHD and COP. METHODS: Groups with ADHD only (32 F, 48 M), COP only (5 F, 5 M), ADHD + COP (9 F, 21 M), and a control group with neither disorder (25 F, 44 M) completed a neuropsychological battery that included measures of verbal working memory, response inhibition, response speed and variability, and selective attention. RESULTS: All three clinical groups exhibited significantly lower performance versus the control group on all neuropsychological measures, whereas the only significant difference between the clinical groups was a significantly larger weakness in verbal working memory in the groups with COP. CONCLUSIONS: The frequent co-occurrence between COP and ADHD may reflect shared neuropsychological weaknesses that are most pronounced on measures of working memory and response variability.
Authors: Audrey Keller; F Xavier Castellanos; A Catherine Vaituzis; Neal O Jeffries; Jay N Giedd; Judith L Rapoport Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2003-01 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: J Kaufman; B Birmaher; D Brent; U Rao; C Flynn; P Moreci; D Williamson; N Ryan Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 1997-07 Impact factor: 8.829
Authors: B B Lahey; B Applegate; K McBurnett; J Biederman; L Greenhill; G W Hynd; R A Barkley; J Newcorn; P Jensen; J Richters Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 1994-11 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: Sabine E Mous; Tonya White; Ryan L Muetzel; Hanan El Marroun; Jolien Rijlaarsdam; Tinca J C Polderman; Vincent W Jaddoe; Frank C Verhulst; Danielle Posthuma; Henning Tiemeier Journal: J Psychiatry Neurosci Date: 2017-03 Impact factor: 6.186