Jung Soo Suk1, Anthony J Kim2, Kanika Trehan3, Craig S Schneider4, Liudmila Cebotaru5, Owen M Woodward6, Nicholas J Boylan7, Michael P Boyle8, Samuel K Lai4, William B Guggino9, Justin Hanes10. 1. The Center for Nanomedicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 North Broadway, Baltimore 21231, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 North Broadway, Baltimore 21231, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore 21205, USA. 2. The Center for Nanomedicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 North Broadway, Baltimore 21231, USA. 3. The Center for Nanomedicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 North Broadway, Baltimore 21231, USA; Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore 21218, USA. 4. The Center for Nanomedicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 North Broadway, Baltimore 21231, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore 21218, USA. 5. The Center for Nanomedicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 North Broadway, Baltimore 21231, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 North Broadway, Baltimore 21231, USA. 6. Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore 21205, USA. 7. Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore 21218, USA. 8. Johns Hopkins Adult Cystic Fibrosis Program, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, Baltimore 21205, USA. 9. The Center for Nanomedicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 North Broadway, Baltimore 21231, USA; Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore 21205, USA. 10. The Center for Nanomedicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 North Broadway, Baltimore 21231, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 North Broadway, Baltimore 21231, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore 21205, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore 21218, USA. Electronic address: hanes@jhmi.edu.
Abstract
Inhaled gene carriers must penetrate the highly viscoelastic and adhesive mucus barrier in the airway in order to overcome rapid mucociliary clearance and reach the underlying epithelium; however, even the most widely used viral gene carriers are unable to efficiently do so. We developed two polymeric gene carriers that compact plasmid DNA into small and highly stable nanoparticles with dense polyethylene glycol (PEG) surface coatings. These highly compacted, densely PEG-coated DNA nanoparticles rapidly penetrate human cystic fibrosis (CF) mucus ex vivo and mouse airway mucus ex situ. Intranasal administration of the mucus penetrating DNA nanoparticles greatly enhanced particle distribution, retention and gene transfer in the mouse lung airways compared to conventional gene carriers. Successful delivery of a full-length plasmid encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein was achieved in the mouse lungs and airway cells, including a primary culture of mucus-covered human airway epithelium grown at air-liquid interface, without causing acute inflammation or toxicity. Highly compacted mucus penetrating DNA nanoparticles hold promise for lung gene therapy.
Inhaled gene carriers must penetrate the highly viscoelastic and adhesive mucus barrier in the airway in order to overcome rapid mucociliary clearance and reach the underlying epithelium; however, even the most widely used viral gene carriers are unable to efficiently do so. We developed two n class="Chemical">polymeric gene carriers that compact plasmid DNA into small and highly stable nanoparticles with dense n class="Chemical">polyethylene glycol (PEG) surface coatings. These highly compacted, densely PEG-coated DNA nanoparticles rapidly penetrate humancystic fibrosis (CF) mucus ex vivo and mouse airway mucus ex situ. Intranasal administration of the mucus penetrating DNA nanoparticles greatly enhanced particle distribution, retention and gene transfer in the mouse lung airways compared to conventional gene carriers. Successful delivery of a full-length plasmid encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein was achieved in the mouse lungs and airway cells, including a primary culture of mucus-covered human airway epithelium grown at air-liquid interface, without causing acute inflammation or toxicity. Highly compacted mucus penetrating DNA nanoparticles hold promise for lung gene therapy.
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