AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Several environmental contaminants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, bisphenol A and phthalates, have been linked to diabetes. We therefore investigated whether other kinds of contaminants, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), also called perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), are also associated with diabetes. METHODS: The Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study investigated 1,016 men and women aged 70 years. Seven PFAS were detected in almost all participant sera by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph/tandem mass spectrometry. Diabetes was defined as use of hypoglycaemic agents or fasting glucose >7.0 mmol/l. RESULTS: 114 people had diabetes. In the linear analysis, no significant relationships were seen between the seven PFAS and prevalent diabetes. However, inclusion of the quadratic terms of the PFAS revealed a significant non-linear relationship between perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and diabetes, even after adjusting for multiple confounders (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.19, 3.22, p = 0.008 for the linear term and OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.08, 1.44, p = 0.002 for the quadratic term). Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) also showed such a relationship (p = 0.01). PFOA was related to the proinsulin/insulin ratio (a marker of insulin secretion), but none of the PFAS was related to the HOMA-IR (a marker of insulin resistance) following adjustment for multiple confounders. CONCLUSIONS/ INTERPRETATION: PFNA was related to prevalent diabetes in a non-monotonic fashion in this cross-sectional study, supporting the view that this perfluoroalkyl substance might influence glucose metabolism in humans at the level of exposure seen in the general elderly population.
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Several environmental contaminants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, bisphenol A and phthalates, have been linked to diabetes. We therefore investigated whether other kinds of contaminants, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), also called perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), are also associated with diabetes. METHODS: The Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study investigated 1,016 men and women aged 70 years. Seven PFAS were detected in almost all participant sera by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph/tandem mass spectrometry. Diabetes was defined as use of hypoglycaemic agents or fasting glucose >7.0 mmol/l. RESULTS: 114 people had diabetes. In the linear analysis, no significant relationships were seen between the seven PFAS and prevalent diabetes. However, inclusion of the quadratic terms of the PFAS revealed a significant non-linear relationship between perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and diabetes, even after adjusting for multiple confounders (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.19, 3.22, p = 0.008 for the linear term and OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.08, 1.44, p = 0.002 for the quadratic term). Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) also showed such a relationship (p = 0.01). PFOA was related to the proinsulin/insulin ratio (a marker of insulin secretion), but none of the PFAS was related to the HOMA-IR (a marker of insulin resistance) following adjustment for multiple confounders. CONCLUSIONS/ INTERPRETATION:PFNA was related to prevalent diabetes in a non-monotonic fashion in this cross-sectional study, supporting the view that this perfluoroalkyl substance might influence glucose metabolism in humans at the level of exposure seen in the general elderly population.
Authors: Iain A Lang; Tamara S Galloway; Alan Scarlett; William E Henley; Michael Depledge; Robert B Wallace; David Melzer Journal: JAMA Date: 2008-09-16 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Duk-Hee Lee; Michael W Steffes; Andreas Sjödin; Richard S Jones; Larry L Needham; David R Jacobs Journal: Environ Health Perspect Date: 2010-05-05 Impact factor: 9.031
Authors: Anna Rignell-Hydbom; Jonas Lidfeldt; Hannu Kiviranta; Panu Rantakokko; Göran Samsioe; Carl-David Agardh; Lars Rylander Journal: PLoS One Date: 2009-10-19 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Tamarra James-Todd; Richard Stahlhut; John D Meeker; Sheena-Gail Powell; Russ Hauser; Tianyi Huang; Janet Rich-Edwards Journal: Environ Health Perspect Date: 2012-07-13 Impact factor: 9.031
Authors: E Louise Thomas; Elizabeth Potter; Isabella Tosi; Julie Fitzpatrick; Gavin Hamilton; Vian Amber; Robert Hughes; Christopher North; Paul Holvoet; Mary Seed; D John Betteridge; Jimmy D Bell; Rossi P Naoumova Journal: Atherosclerosis Date: 2007-05-07 Impact factor: 5.162
Authors: Andres Cardenas; Marie-France Hivert; Diane R Gold; Russ Hauser; Ken P Kleinman; Pi-I D Lin; Abby F Fleisch; Antonia M Calafat; Xiaoyun Ye; Thomas F Webster; Edward S Horton; Emily Oken Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2019-07-11 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: Karilyn E Sant; Kate Annunziato; Sarah Conlin; Gregory Teicher; Phoebe Chen; Olivia Venezia; Gerald B Downes; Yeonhwa Park; Alicia R Timme-Laragy Journal: Environ Pollut Date: 2021-02-04 Impact factor: 8.071