J Y Kim1, S Shin2, K Han3, K-C Lee1, J-H Kim2, Y S Choi4, D H Kim4, G E Nam4, H D Yeo1, H G Lee1, B-J Ko4. 1. College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea. 2. Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. 3. Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Catholic University, Seoul, South Korea. 4. Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: We studied the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), represented by household income, and the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) among adolescent girls in Korea. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: The samples were based on the data from a four-year (2008-2011) collection for the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1312 girls, age 10-18 years). The survey included demographic, anthropometric, biochemical and nutritional parameters. A multiple regression analysis after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), red blood cell count, white blood cell count and red meat intake was performed. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin level lower than 11.5 g/dl for ages 10-11 years and 12.0 g/dl for ages 12-14 years. Iron deficiency was defined as serum ferritin level below 15 μg/l. RESULTS: The prevalences of anemia and IDA in Korean girls were 5.3 and 4.2%, respectively. Girls with anemia were older, taller, weighed more, had higher BMI, had higher portion of menarche experience and consumed less red meat than girls without anemia. Girls with higher income had lower anemia prevalence and consumed more iron and vitamins. Logistic regression analysis showed a decreasing trend in anemia prevalence as household income increased. Correlation analysis demonstrated that there is a relationship between household income and serum hemoglobin and ferritin levels (P=0.003 and P=0.026, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Higher SES leads to lower prevalence of anemia and IDA in Korean adolescent girls. This may be due to the fact that higher SES individuals consume more iron and vitamin C.
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: We studied the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), represented by household income, and the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) among adolescent girls in Korea. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: The samples were based on the data from a four-year (2008-2011) collection for the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1312 girls, age 10-18 years). The survey included demographic, anthropometric, biochemical and nutritional parameters. A multiple regression analysis after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), red blood cell count, white blood cell count and red meat intake was performed. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin level lower than 11.5 g/dl for ages 10-11 years and 12.0 g/dl for ages 12-14 years. Iron deficiency was defined as serum ferritin level below 15 μg/l. RESULTS: The prevalences of anemia and IDA in Korean girls were 5.3 and 4.2%, respectively. Girls with anemia were older, taller, weighed more, had higher BMI, had higher portion of menarche experience and consumed less red meat than girls without anemia. Girls with higher income had lower anemia prevalence and consumed more iron and vitamins. Logistic regression analysis showed a decreasing trend in anemia prevalence as household income increased. Correlation analysis demonstrated that there is a relationship between household income and serum hemoglobin and ferritin levels (P=0.003 and P=0.026, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Higher SES leads to lower prevalence of anemia and IDA in Korean adolescent girls. This may be due to the fact that higher SES individuals consume more iron and vitamin C.
Authors: Geum Joon Cho; Hyun Tae Park; Jung Ho Shin; Jun Young Hur; Young Tae Kim; Sun Haeng Kim; Kyu Wan Lee; Tak Kim Journal: Eur J Pediatr Date: 2009-06-07 Impact factor: 3.183
Authors: J Linseisen; E Kesse; N Slimani; H B Bueno-De-Mesquita; M C Ocké; G Skeie; M Kumle; M Dorronsoro Iraeta; P Morote Gómez; L Janzon; P Stattin; A A Welch; E A Spencer; K Overvad; A Tjønneland; F Clavel-Chapelon; A B Miller; K Klipstein-Grobusch; P Lagiou; V Kalapothaki; G Masala; M C Giurdanella; T Norat; E Riboli Journal: Public Health Nutr Date: 2002-12 Impact factor: 4.022