Caroline Schneeberger1, Brenda M Kazemier, Suzanne E Geerlings. 1. aDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam bDepartment of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen cDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) and urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women with diabetes mellitus and during pregnancy are common and can have far-reaching consequences for the woman and neonate. This review describes epidemiology, risk factors, complications and treatment of UTI and ASB according to recent developments in these two groups. RECENT FINDINGS: Most articles addressing the epidemiology and risk factors of ASB and UTI in diabetic and pregnant women confirmed existing knowledge. New insights were obtained in the association between sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, as medication for diabetes mellitus type 2, and a small increased risk for UTI due to glucosuria and the possible negative effects of UTI, including urosepsis,on bladder and kidney function in diabetic women. Predominantly, potential long-term effects of antibiotic treatment of ASB or UTI during pregnancy on the neonate have received attention, including antibiotic resistance and epilepsy. SUMMARY: SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with a small increased risk for UTI, UTI in diabetic women may lead to bladder and kidney dysfunction, and antibiotic treatment of ASB and UTI during pregnancy was associated with long-term effects on the neonate. Up-to-date research on the effectiveness and long-term effects of ASB screening and treatment policies, including group B Streptococcus bacteriuria in pregnancy, is warranted to inform clinical practice.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) and urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women with diabetes mellitus and during pregnancy are common and can have far-reaching consequences for the woman and neonate. This review describes epidemiology, risk factors, complications and treatment of UTI and ASB according to recent developments in these two groups. RECENT FINDINGS: Most articles addressing the epidemiology and risk factors of ASB and UTI in diabetic and pregnant women confirmed existing knowledge. New insights were obtained in the association between sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, as medication for diabetes mellitus type 2, and a small increased risk for UTI due to glucosuria and the possible negative effects of UTI, including urosepsis,on bladder and kidney function in diabeticwomen. Predominantly, potential long-term effects of antibiotic treatment of ASB or UTI during pregnancy on the neonate have received attention, including antibiotic resistance and epilepsy. SUMMARY:SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with a small increased risk for UTI, UTI in diabeticwomen may lead to bladder and kidney dysfunction, and antibiotic treatment of ASB and UTI during pregnancy was associated with long-term effects on the neonate. Up-to-date research on the effectiveness and long-term effects of ASB screening and treatment policies, including group B Streptococcus bacteriuria in pregnancy, is warranted to inform clinical practice.
Authors: Kathryn A Patras; Albert D Ha; Emma Rooholfada; Joshua Olson; Satish P Ramachandra Rao; Ann E Lin; Victor Nizet Journal: J Innate Immun Date: 2019-05-03 Impact factor: 7.349
Authors: Hamdan Z Hamdan; Eman Kubbara; Amar M Adam; Onab S Hassan; Sarah O Suliman; Ishag Adam Journal: Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob Date: 2015-04-21 Impact factor: 3.944