Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

The myocardial extracellular matrix plays an important role in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of the heart and is centrally involved in post-myocardial infarction repair processes. We analysed some genetic and proteomic aspects that could play an important role in the development of myocardial infarction. Matrix metalloproteinases are enzymes that contribute strongly to the degradation of extracellular matrix components. In this study the serological levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were investigated using immunological testing in 34 patients with myocardial infarction and 34 matched control subjects. The serum levels of MMPs were determined by ELISA. Changes in serum levels were characterized within 24 h and after 6 months post myocardial infarction. Significantly higher levels of MMP-2 (299.47 ± 117.61 ng/ml) and MMP-9 (93.56 ± 53.74 ng/ml) were determined in patients with myocardial infarction compared to the controls, in both cases P < 0.001. MMP-9 levels decreased significantly in the 6 months after cardiac event, whereas the levels of MMP-2 were almost equal to the post-infarction ones. While comparing the results from four patients that died of cardiovascular cause within 6 months we found significantly higher MMP-2 (435.00 ± 55.83 ng/ml, P = 0.003) and MMP-9 (166.25 ± 41.07 ng/ml, P = 0.018) values. Microarray analysis was used to determine the gene expression of selected genes for MMPs and their regulators from peripheral blood. The selected genes did not show satisfactory results that could have a potential implication for diagnostics of tissue degeneration.