Reduction of reperfusion arrhythmias in the ischemic isolated rat heart by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors: a comparison of captopril, enalapril, and HOE 498.

The effects of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors captopril, enalapril, HOE 498, and its prodrug on reperfusion arrhythmias after 15 min of coronary ligation were investigated in the isolated rat heart. Drug concentrations were equipotent in their effect on angiotensin I pressor response. Furthermore, the effect of indomethacin on ACE inhibition with captopril was studied. Upon reperfusion, ventricular fibrillation occurred in all untreated hearts, in all prodrug HOE 498-treated hearts (15 micrograms/ml), and in 4 of 6 of the enalapril-treated (8 micrograms/ml) hearts. In contrast, in only 2 of 6 (p less than 0.002) of the HOE 498-treated hearts (15 micrograms/ml) and in none (p less than 0.001) of the captopril-treated hearts (80 micrograms/ml) did ventricular fibrillation occur. A massive purine overflow was observed in untreated hearts upon reperfusion. This overflow was significantly reduced by captopril and HOE 498, whereas enalapril and prodrug HOE 498 had no significant effect. Concomitantly, the pressure-rate index was severely impaired after 30 min of reperfusion in the untreated, enalapril, and prodrug HOE 498 groups (33 +/- 9, 52 +/- 11, and 48 +/- 12% of initial values, respectively), but captopril and HOE 498 significantly reduced the impairment of mechanical function (124 +/- 9% and 98 +/- 9%, respectively). In contrast to enalapril and prodrug HOE 498, captopril and HOE 498 markedly reduced noradrenaline overflow during the first minutes of reperfusion. No angiotensin II was detectable in the coronary effluent of untreated hearts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)