Production of doubled haploid lines in frequencies sufficient for barley breeding programs.

Winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) anthers were cultured on different liquid and on starch-solidified media. The optimal embryo and callus formation with different F1-lines and the cv. 'Igri' was obtained on a liquid medium with 20% Ficoll, 20 g/l maltose and barley starch. But the influence of the growth conditions of the donor plants and the genotypical differences are still enormous. The procedure has been optimized to such an extent that it can be used economically.