Molecular and cytological characterization of repetitive DNA sequences in Brassica.

We isolated three different repetitive DNA sequences from B. campestris and determined their nucleotide sequences. In order to analyze organization of these repetitive sequences in Brassica, Southern blot hybridization and in situ hybridization with metaphase chromosomes were performed. The sequence cloned in the plasmid pCS1 represented a middle repetitive sequence present only in B. campestris and not detected in closely related B. Oleracea. This sequence was localized at centromeric regions of six specific chromosomes of B. campestris. The second plasmid, pBT4, contained a part of the 25S ribosomal RNA gene, and its copy number was estimated to be 1,590 and 1,300 per haploid genome for B. campestris and B. oleracea, respectively. In situ hybridization with this sequence showed a clear signal at the NOR region found in the second largest chromosome of B. Campestris. The third plasmid, pBT11, contained a 175-bp insert that belongs to a major family of tandem repeats found in all the Brassica species. This sequence was detected at centromeric regions of all the B. campestris chromosomes. Our study indicates that in situ hybridization with various types of repetitive sequences should give important information on the evolution of repetitive DNA in Brassica species.