J Mäkelä1, J Vaarno1, A Kaljonen1, H Niinikoski2, H Lagström1. 1. Turku Institute for Child and Youth Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. 2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: We examined how maternal overweight impacts full breastfeeding (BF), total duration of BF and the age of introduction of complementary foods (CFs) and whether these have effect on children's growth from 0 to 2 years. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: From 1797 families participating in the STEPS Study, 848 children had data on BF and anthropometric data at 13 months and 2 years of age and were included in this study. Data on BF and CFs were collected using a self-administered follow-up diary. Information regarding maternal weight, height, pregnancy and delivery were received from maternity clinics and the National Longitudinal Census Files. The children's weight and length/height were recorded during the study visits at 13 months and 2 years. RESULTS: Overweight women breastfed fully (2.2 vs 2.8 months, P<0.0001) and totally (7.4 vs 9.0 months, P<0.0001) for a shorter time and introduced CFs earlier (4.1 vs 4.3 months, P=0.02) than normal weight women. Children of overweight women were heavier and had a higher body mass index at 2 years than children of normal weight women. At 2 years of age 30% of boys and 17% of girls were overweight or obese. However, children's obesity risk was not increased by maternal overweight (odds ratio (OR) 1.04, P=0.12). Longer duration of full BF (OR 0.86, P=0.04) and partial BF (OR 0.91, P=0.02) and delayed introduction of CFs (OR 0.69, P=0.03) were protective against obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that women who were overweight or obese before pregnancy breastfed for a shorter time and introduced CFs earlier than normal weight women, which may further impact children's growth.
OBJECTIVES: We examined how maternal overweight impacts full breastfeeding (BF), total duration of BF and the age of introduction of complementary foods (CFs) and whether these have effect on children's growth from 0 to 2 years. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: From 1797 families participating in the STEPS Study, 848 children had data on BF and anthropometric data at 13 months and 2 years of age and were included in this study. Data on BF and CFs were collected using a self-administered follow-up diary. Information regarding maternal weight, height, pregnancy and delivery were received from maternity clinics and the National Longitudinal Census Files. The children's weight and length/height were recorded during the study visits at 13 months and 2 years. RESULTS: Overweight women breastfed fully (2.2 vs 2.8 months, P<0.0001) and totally (7.4 vs 9.0 months, P<0.0001) for a shorter time and introduced CFs earlier (4.1 vs 4.3 months, P=0.02) than normal weight women. Children of overweight women were heavier and had a higher body mass index at 2 years than children of normal weight women. At 2 years of age 30% of boys and 17% of girls were overweight or obese. However, children's obesity risk was not increased by maternal overweight (odds ratio (OR) 1.04, P=0.12). Longer duration of full BF (OR 0.86, P=0.04) and partial BF (OR 0.91, P=0.02) and delayed introduction of CFs (OR 0.69, P=0.03) were protective against obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that women who were overweight or obese before pregnancy breastfed for a shorter time and introduced CFs earlier than normal weight women, which may further impact children's growth.
Authors: Christopher G Owen; Richard M Martin; Peter H Whincup; George Davey Smith; Derek G Cook Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2005-05 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: A Betoko; M-A Charles; R Hankard; A Forhan; M Bonet; M-J Saurel-Cubizolles; B Heude; B de Lauzon-Guillain Journal: Eur J Clin Nutr Date: 2013-01-09 Impact factor: 4.016
Authors: Hanna Lagström; Maarit Hakanen; Harri Niinikoski; Jorma Viikari; Tapani Rönnemaa; Maiju Saarinen; Katja Pahkala; Olli Simell Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2008-10 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: Brenda Burgess; Katherine S Morris; Myles S Faith; Rocco A Paluch; Kai Ling Kong Journal: Int J Obes (Lond) Date: 2021-08-18 Impact factor: 5.095
Authors: O Sirkka; T Vrijkotte; J Halberstadt; M Abrahamse-Berkeveld; T Hoekstra; J Seidell; M Olthof Journal: Pediatr Obes Date: 2018-04-25 Impact factor: 4.000