S Arenz1, R Rückerl, B Koletzko, R von Kries. 1. Institute for Social Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between breast-feeding and obesity in childhood. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis of published epidemiological studies (cohort, case-control or cross-sectional studies) comparing early feeding-mode and adjusting for potential confounding factors. Electronic databases were searched and reference lists of relevant articles were checked. Calculations of pooled estimates were conducted in fixed- and random-effects models. Heterogeneity was tested by Q-test. Publication bias was assessed from funnel plots and by a linear regression method. OUTCOME MEASURES: Odds ratio (OR) for obesity in childhood defined as body mass index (BMI) percentiles. RESULTS: Nine studies with more than 69,000 participants met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis showed that breast-feeding reduced the risk of obesity in childhood significantly. The adjusted odds ratio was 0.78, 95% CI (0.71, 0.85) in the fixed model. The assumption of homogeneity of results of the included studies could not be refuted (Q-test for heterogeneity, P>0.3), stratified analyses showed no differences regarding different study types, age groups, definition of breast-feeding or obesity and number of confounding factors adjusted for. A dose-dependent effect of breast-feeding duration on the prevalence of obesity was reported in four studies. Funnel plot regression gave no indication of publication bias. CONCLUSION: Breast-feeding seems to have a small but consistent protective effect against obesity in children.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between breast-feeding and obesity in childhood. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis of published epidemiological studies (cohort, case-control or cross-sectional studies) comparing early feeding-mode and adjusting for potential confounding factors. Electronic databases were searched and reference lists of relevant articles were checked. Calculations of pooled estimates were conducted in fixed- and random-effects models. Heterogeneity was tested by Q-test. Publication bias was assessed from funnel plots and by a linear regression method. OUTCOME MEASURES: Odds ratio (OR) for obesity in childhood defined as body mass index (BMI) percentiles. RESULTS: Nine studies with more than 69,000 participants met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis showed that breast-feeding reduced the risk of obesity in childhood significantly. The adjusted odds ratio was 0.78, 95% CI (0.71, 0.85) in the fixed model. The assumption of homogeneity of results of the included studies could not be refuted (Q-test for heterogeneity, P>0.3), stratified analyses showed no differences regarding different study types, age groups, definition of breast-feeding or obesity and number of confounding factors adjusted for. A dose-dependent effect of breast-feeding duration on the prevalence of obesity was reported in four studies. Funnel plot regression gave no indication of publication bias. CONCLUSION: Breast-feeding seems to have a small but consistent protective effect against obesity in children.
Authors: Ian M Paul; Jennifer S Savage; Stephanie L Anzman; Jessica S Beiler; Michele E Marini; Jennifer L Stokes; Leann L Birch Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring) Date: 2010-08-19 Impact factor: 5.002
Authors: Maria Hermoso; Garden Tabacchi; Iris Iglesia-Altaba; Silvia Bel-Serrat; Luis A Moreno-Aznar; Yurena García-Santos; Ma del Rosario García-Luzardo; Beatriz Santana-Salguero; Luis Peña-Quintana; Lluis Serra-Majem; Victoria Hall Moran; Fiona Dykes; Tamás Decsi; Vassiliki Benetou; Maria Plada; Antonia Trichopoulou; Monique M Raats; Esmée L Doets; Cristiana Berti; Irene Cetin; Berthold Koletzko Journal: Matern Child Nutr Date: 2010-10 Impact factor: 3.092