Monoclonal antibodies to ciliary glycoproteins of frog olfactory neurons.

Monoclonal antibodies were produced against isolated frog olfactory cilia, a preparation enriched in dendritic extensions of the chemosensory neurons. Two antibodies, 18.1 and 35.6, were found to react against specific glycoproteins of the sensory organelles. These glycoproteins were identified by their differential binding to the lectins wheat germ agglutinin and Concanavalin A. The antibodies fluorescently labeled isolated olfactory cilia, as well as the ciliary surface layer of olfactory epithelium, whose extent was defined by anti-tubulin and anti-keratin antibodies. Respiratory epithelium (or other tissues) as well as isolated respiratory cilia were not labeled by antibodies 18.1 and 35.6, indicating tissue specificity. The olfactory-specific antibodies can be used as markers of the sensory epithelium and of the sensory regions of olfactory dendritic membranes. Antibody 18.1 recognized gp95, a specific and major integral membrane glycoprotein of frog olfactory cilia. Since gp95 has been suggested as candidate olfactory receptor protein (Chen, Z. and Lancet, D., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 81 (1984) 1859-1863), antibody 18.1 could also be useful for functional studies.