Electrophoretic protein analysis for the identification of doubled haploid 1A-1R, 1B-1R wheat-rye double translocation lines and for the assessment of their genetic stability.

Eighteen available doubled haploid wheat lines with a cytologically proven 1A-1R, 1B-1R double translocation, which where derived via anther culture from four crosses of the 1A-1R wheat-rye translocation cv "Amigo" with several 1B-1R wheat-rye translocation forms, were subjected to electrophoretic seed protein analysis. Besides, the five parents used in the crosses and some other wheat cultivars and doubled haploid lines (19 with a 1B-1R single translocation, 10 with a 1A-1R translocation and 7 without any 1R translocation) were also included in the investigation. It was found that the gliadin patterns visualized after SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of alcohol-soluble seed protein extracts can differentiate not only 1B-1R and 1A-1R translocation forms from wheats without any 1R-translocation chromosome, but also 1B-1R and 1A-1R wheats from each other. Moreover, 1A-1R, 1B-1R double translocation lines can be distinguished as well due to characteristic differences revealed between 1A-1R and 1B-1R translocation forms. Thus, all of tested dh1- and dh2-grains of the double translocation lines showed the expected doublet: the 1A-1R translocation ("Amigo")-typical rye band and the 1B-1R translocation ("Kawkas")-typical rye band. Consequently, gliadin patterns estimated after SDS electrophoresis may be used as markers for the fast detection of the desired 1A-1R, 1B-1R double translocation forms among 1A-1R single translocation lines, 1B-1R single translocation lines and lines without any 1R-translocation in the progenies of appropriate crosses. Furthermore, by means of gliadin tests on the dh2-generation the excellent stability of the double translocation 1A-1R, 1B-1R during more than one propagation phase has been proven. Estimations of high-molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunits coded by 1A and 1B chromosomes are compatible with the double translocation constitution. A few deviating results can be explained by crossing-over events. Seed protein analysis revealed that it is possible to produce 1A-1R, 1B-1R double translocation lines with good glutenin compositions provided that adequate favourable parents are used.