Practical use of near-infrared spectroscopy in carotid surgery.

Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is the gold standard for the treatment of symptomatic patients with atherosclerotic carotid disease. However, benefit of the CEA procedure depends on the rate of peri- and postoperative adverse neurological events. Therefore, brain monitoring is important in detecting cerebral ischemia during and after CEA and also allows to prompt appropriate action. Traditional methods of cerebral monitoring are being replaced by novel, easy-to-use techniques that allow continued monitoring of regional cerebral oxygen saturation. In this review, we present the recent literature data related to the mechanism of cerebral oximetry and its practical use during and after CEA.