The morphology, cytology, and C-banded karyotypes of Brassica campestris, B. oleracea, and B. napus plants regenerated from protoplasts.

The behaviour of Brassica campestris (2n=20, AA), B. oleracea (2n=18, CC), and B. napus (2n=38, AACC) were studied during a tissue-culturing process. Hypocotyl-protoplasts were cultivated into calli from which new plants were regenerated. The regenerated plants were compared, and mitotic root-tip cells were C-banded and karyotyped. A majority of the plants were tetraploid. The meioses were studied in the PMCs. A number of abberations were observed, mainly due to faulty spindle function. There was a difference between the three species in that B. campestris performed the most poorly with many fewer regenerated plants. These plants were more morphologically disturbed and had more problems during pollen production than B. oleracea and B. napus plants.