Xiaofeng Luo1, Song Duan2, Qixiang Duan3, Yongcheng Pu3, Yuecheng Yang2, Yingying Ding1, Meiyang Gao1, Na He4. 1. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China. 2. Dehong Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Mangshi, Yunnan Province, China. 3. Longchuan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. 4. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: nhe@shmu.edu.cn.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence and correlates of smoking versus tobacco chewing, and potential gender differences in tobacco use among HIV-infected individuals in a rural community in Yunnan Province, China. METHOD: A cross-sectional design using face-to-face interviews. RESULTS: Among the participants, 301 (66.2%) were male; 79 (17.4%) were ethnic Han, 310 (68.1%) were Jingpo minority, 62 (13.6%) were Dai minority; 17.8% had no formal education and 55.6% had only primary school education; 15.4% were never married; 40% reported drinking in the past 30 days; 55.4% had ever used drugs; and 67% were currently receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). The mean age of the study participants was 38.1 years (SD=8.8). About 62% were current cigarette smokers. Current cigarette smoking was positively associated with being male (OR=142.43, 95% CI: 35.61-569.72) and current drinking (OR=7.64, 95% CI: 2.68-21.81), as well as having ever used drugs (OR=4.03, 95% CI: 1.31-12.35). Among current smokers, 67.6% were heavy smokers (smoked at least 20 cigarettes per day). Those who were older than 46 years of age (OR=9.68, 95% CI: 1.41-66.59) and current drinkers (OR=2.75, 95% CI: 1.56-4.83) were more likely to be heavy smokers. Approximately 9% were currently used chewing tobacco. Those who were female (OR=41.29, 95% CI: 8.53-199.93) and current drinkers (OR=3.22, 95% CI: 1.02-10.16) were more likely to use chewing tobacco. All who used chewing tobacco were ethnic minorities. CONCLUSIONS: Cigarette smoking and use of chewing tobacco were highly prevalent among HIV-infected individuals in rural Yunnan, underscoring the urgent need for tobacco prevention and intervention programs tailored for this population.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence and correlates of smoking versus tobacco chewing, and potential gender differences in tobacco use among HIV-infected individuals in a rural community in Yunnan Province, China. METHOD: A cross-sectional design using face-to-face interviews. RESULTS: Among the participants, 301 (66.2%) were male; 79 (17.4%) were ethnic Han, 310 (68.1%) were Jingpo minority, 62 (13.6%) were Dai minority; 17.8% had no formal education and 55.6% had only primary school education; 15.4% were never married; 40% reported drinking in the past 30 days; 55.4% had ever used drugs; and 67% were currently receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). The mean age of the study participants was 38.1 years (SD=8.8). About 62% were current cigarette smokers. Current cigarette smoking was positively associated with being male (OR=142.43, 95% CI: 35.61-569.72) and current drinking (OR=7.64, 95% CI: 2.68-21.81), as well as having ever used drugs (OR=4.03, 95% CI: 1.31-12.35). Among current smokers, 67.6% were heavy smokers (smoked at least 20 cigarettes per day). Those who were older than 46 years of age (OR=9.68, 95% CI: 1.41-66.59) and current drinkers (OR=2.75, 95% CI: 1.56-4.83) were more likely to be heavy smokers. Approximately 9% were currently used chewing tobacco. Those who were female (OR=41.29, 95% CI: 8.53-199.93) and current drinkers (OR=3.22, 95% CI: 1.02-10.16) were more likely to use chewing tobacco. All who used chewing tobacco were ethnic minorities. CONCLUSIONS: Cigarette smoking and use of chewing tobacco were highly prevalent among HIV-infected individuals in rural Yunnan, underscoring the urgent need for tobacco prevention and intervention programs tailored for this population.
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