PURPOSE: In steady state free precession (SSFP) images acquired with a repetition time/echo time (TR/TE) ≈ 2, fat is surrounded by a black boundary, called "India Ink" artifact. Indian Ink artifact may improve detection of intramyocardial fat. Aims of this study were: (i) to assess the accuracy of SSFP technique for the detection of fat metaplasia in remote myocardial infarction (RMI); (ii) to evaluate the inter- and intraobserver reproducibility for the quantification of intramyocardial fat using SSFP and fast spin echo/short TI inversion recovery (FSE/STIR) techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 200 patients (age 64 ± 10 years) with RMI (>1000 days) underwent MRI using a 1.5 Tesla (T) scanner. SSFP images (with a TR/TE ≈2), FSE and STIR images were acquired in short and long axis views. Fat was detected in FSE/STIR and SSFP images and its extent manually measured . The inter- and intraobserver agreement for the quantification of fat metaplasia using both the SSFP image and the FSE images was evaluated. RESULTS: Left ventricle intramyocardial fat was detected in SSFP images of 95 patients (47.5%) and in FSE/STIR images of 84 patients (42%). A very good agreement was found using the SSFP technique between investigators. CONCLUSION: SSFP sequence with TR/TE=2 is a valuable technique for identifying and quantifying the presence of fat tissue within the left ventricle myocardium in RMI.
PURPOSE: In steady state free precession (SSFP) images acquired with a repetition time/echo time (TR/TE) ≈ 2, fat is surrounded by a black boundary, called "India Ink" artifact. Indian Ink artifact may improve detection of intramyocardial fat. Aims of this study were: (i) to assess the accuracy of SSFP technique for the detection of fat metaplasia in remote myocardial infarction (RMI); (ii) to evaluate the inter- and intraobserver reproducibility for the quantification of intramyocardial fat using SSFP and fast spin echo/short TI inversion recovery (FSE/STIR) techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 200 patients (age 64 ± 10 years) with RMI (>1000 days) underwent MRI using a 1.5 Tesla (T) scanner. SSFP images (with a TR/TE ≈2), FSE and STIR images were acquired in short and long axis views. Fat was detected in FSE/STIR and SSFP images and its extent manually measured . The inter- and intraobserver agreement for the quantification of fat metaplasia using both the SSFP image and the FSE images was evaluated. RESULTS: Left ventricle intramyocardial fat was detected in SSFP images of 95 patients (47.5%) and in FSE/STIR images of 84 patients (42%). A very good agreement was found using the SSFP technique between investigators. CONCLUSION: SSFP sequence with TR/TE=2 is a valuable technique for identifying and quantifying the presence of fat tissue within the left ventricle myocardium in RMI.
Authors: Neda Rastegar; Anneline S J M Te Riele; Cynthia A James; Aditya Bhonsale; Brittney Murray; Crystal Tichnell; Hugh Calkins; Harikrishna Tandri; David A Bluemke; Ihab R Kamel; Stefan L Zimmerman Journal: Radiology Date: 2016-03-11 Impact factor: 11.105
Authors: Tarek Zghaib; Anneline S J M Te Riele; Cynthia A James; Neda Rastegar; Brittney Murray; Crystal Tichnell; Marc K Halushka; David A Bluemke; Harikrishna Tandri; Hugh Calkins; Ihab R Kamel; Stefan Loy Zimmerman Journal: J Cardiovasc Magn Reson Date: 2021-05-20 Impact factor: 5.364
Authors: Peter Kellman; W Patricia Bandettini; Christine Mancini; Sophia Hammer-Hansen; Michael S Hansen; Andrew E Arai Journal: J Cardiovasc Magn Reson Date: 2015-05-10 Impact factor: 5.364