BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Statins are inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase and have anti-inflammatory effects independent of cholesterol lowering. Recent clinical studies have indicated that statin intake has a beneficial effect on periodontal disease. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been well understood. In the current study, we employed a rat model with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced periodontal disease and determined the effect of simvastatin, a commonly prescribed statin, on osteoclastogenesis, gingival inflammation and alveolar bone loss. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans LPS in periodontal tissue three times per week for 8 wk and part of the rats with LPS injection were also given simvastatin via gavage. After the treatments, the rat maxillae were scanned by microcomputed tomography and the images were analyzed to determine alveolar bone loss. To explore the underlying mechanisms, the effect of simvastatin on osteoclastogenesis and gingival expression of proinflammatory cytokines were also determined by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining and real-time polymerase chain reaction assays, respectively. RESULTS: Results showed that LPS treatment markedly increased bone loss, but administration of simvastatin significantly alleviated the bone loss. Results also showed that LPS treatment stimulated osteoclastogenesis and the expression of inflammatory cytokines, but simvastatin significantly modulates the stimulatory effect of LPS on osteoclastogenesis and cytokine expression. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that simvastatin treatment inhibits LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis and gingival inflammation and reduces alveolar bone loss, indicating that the intake of simvastatin may hinder the progression of periodontal disease. Published 2013. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Statins are inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase and have anti-inflammatory effects independent of cholesterol lowering. Recent clinical studies have indicated that statin intake has a beneficial effect on periodontal disease. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been well understood. In the current study, we employed a rat model with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced periodontal disease and determined the effect of simvastatin, a commonly prescribed statin, on osteoclastogenesis, gingival inflammation and alveolar bone loss. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansLPS in periodontal tissue three times per week for 8 wk and part of the rats with LPS injection were also given simvastatin via gavage. After the treatments, the rat maxillae were scanned by microcomputed tomography and the images were analyzed to determine alveolar bone loss. To explore the underlying mechanisms, the effect of simvastatin on osteoclastogenesis and gingival expression of proinflammatory cytokines were also determined by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining and real-time polymerase chain reaction assays, respectively. RESULTS: Results showed that LPS treatment markedly increased bone loss, but administration of simvastatin significantly alleviated the bone loss. Results also showed that LPS treatment stimulated osteoclastogenesis and the expression of inflammatory cytokines, but simvastatin significantly modulates the stimulatory effect of LPS on osteoclastogenesis and cytokine expression. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that simvastatin treatment inhibits LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis and gingival inflammation and reduces alveolar bone loss, indicating that the intake of simvastatin may hinder the progression of periodontal disease. Published 2013. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Authors: Chan Ho Park; Zachary R Abramson; Mario Taba; Qiming Jin; Jia Chang; Jaclynn M Kreider; Steven A Goldstein; William V Giannobile Journal: J Periodontol Date: 2007-02 Impact factor: 6.993
Authors: Jill E Rogers; Fei Li; Derek D Coatney; Carlos Rossa; Paul Bronson; Jaclynn M Krieder; William V Giannobile; Keith L Kirkwood Journal: J Periodontol Date: 2007-03 Impact factor: 6.993
Authors: P O Nassar; C A Nassar; M R Guimarães; S G Aquino; D C Andia; M N Muscara; D M P Spolidorio; C Rossa; L C Spolidorio Journal: J Periodontal Res Date: 2008-12-11 Impact factor: 4.419
Authors: Kamala P Sundararaj; Devadoss J Samuvel; Yanchun Li; Alena Nareika; Elizabeth H Slate; John J Sanders; Maria F Lopes-Virella; Yan Huang Journal: J Leukoc Biol Date: 2008-07-14 Impact factor: 4.962
Authors: P M Preshaw; A L Alba; D Herrera; S Jepsen; A Konstantinidis; K Makrilakis; R Taylor Journal: Diabetologia Date: 2011-11-06 Impact factor: 10.122
Authors: S Mahabady; N Tjokro; S Aharonian; H H Zadeh; C Chen; H Allayee; P P Sedghizadeh Journal: Mol Oral Microbiol Date: 2017-06-27 Impact factor: 3.563
Authors: Yanchun Li; Zhongyang Lu; Lixia Zhang; Cameron L Kirkwood; Keith L Kirkwood; Maria F Lopes-Virella; Yan Huang Journal: J Periodontal Res Date: 2021-11-08 Impact factor: 4.419
Authors: Yanchun Li; Zhongyang Lu; Lixia Zhang; Keith L Kirkwood; Maria F Lopes-Virella; Yan Huang Journal: Oral Dis Date: 2020-01-30 Impact factor: 3.511