Fabrice H F Pierre1, Océane C B Martin, Raphaelle L Santarelli, Sylviane Taché, Nathalie Naud, Françoise Guéraud, Marc Audebert, Jacques Dupuy, Nathalie Meunier, Didier Attaix, Jean-Luc Vendeuvre, Sidney S Mirvish, Gunter C G Kuhnle, Noel Cano, Denis E Corpet. 1. Université de Toulouse, French National Institute For Agricultural Research, Joint Research Unit 1331 Xénobiotiques, Toulouse, France (FHFP, OCBM, RLS, ST, NN, FG, MA, JD, and DEC); the French Pork and Pig Institute-Institut du Porc, Paris, France (RLS and J-LV); the INRA, UMR 1019, Human Nutrition Unit, Research Center for Human Nutrition Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrrand, France (NM, DA, and NC); the University hospital Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Nutrition, Clermont-Ferrrand, France (NM and NC); the Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE (SSM); and the Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom (GCGK).
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Processed meat intake has been associated with increased colorectal cancer risk. We have shown that cured meat promotes carcinogen-induced preneoplastic lesions and increases specific biomarkers in the colon of rats. OBJECTIVES: We investigated whether cured meat modulates biomarkers of cancer risk in human volunteers and whether specific agents can suppress cured meat-induced preneoplastic lesions in rats and associated biomarkers in rats and humans. DESIGN:Six additives (calcium carbonate, inulin, rutin, carnosol, α-tocopherol, and trisodium pyrophosphate) were added to cured meat given to groups of rats for 14 d, and fecal biomarkers were measured. On the basis of these results, calcium and tocopherol were kept for the following additional experiments: cured meat, with or without calcium or tocopherol, was given to dimethylhydrazine-initiated rats (47% meat diet for 100 d) and to human volunteers in a crossover study (180 g/d for 4 d). Rat colons were scored for mucin-depleted foci, putative precancer lesions. Biomarkers of nitrosation, lipoperoxidation, and cytotoxicity were measured in the urine and feces of rats and volunteers. RESULTS: Cured meat increased nitroso compounds and lipoperoxidation in human stools (both P < 0.05). Calcium normalized both biomarkers in rats and human feces, whereas tocopherol only decreased nitro compounds in rats and lipoperoxidation in feces of volunteers (all P < 0.05). Last, calcium and tocopherol reduced the number of mucin-depleted foci per colon in rats compared with nonsupplemented cured meat (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Data suggest that the addition of calcium carbonate to the diet or α-tocopherol to cured meat may reduce colorectal cancer risk associated with cured-meat intake. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00994526.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Processed meat intake has been associated with increased colorectal cancer risk. We have shown that cured meat promotes carcinogen-induced preneoplastic lesions and increases specific biomarkers in the colon of rats. OBJECTIVES: We investigated whether cured meat modulates biomarkers of cancer risk in human volunteers and whether specific agents can suppress cured meat-induced preneoplastic lesions in rats and associated biomarkers in rats and humans. DESIGN: Six additives (calcium carbonate, inulin, rutin, carnosol, α-tocopherol, and trisodium pyrophosphate) were added to cured meat given to groups of rats for 14 d, and fecal biomarkers were measured. On the basis of these results, calcium and tocopherol were kept for the following additional experiments: cured meat, with or without calcium or tocopherol, was given to dimethylhydrazine-initiated rats (47% meat diet for 100 d) and to human volunteers in a crossover study (180 g/d for 4 d). Rat colons were scored for mucin-depleted foci, putative precancer lesions. Biomarkers of nitrosation, lipoperoxidation, and cytotoxicity were measured in the urine and feces of rats and volunteers. RESULTS: Cured meat increased nitroso compounds and lipoperoxidation in human stools (both P < 0.05). Calcium normalized both biomarkers in rats and human feces, whereas tocopherol only decreased nitro compounds in rats and lipoperoxidation in feces of volunteers (all P < 0.05). Last, calcium and tocopherol reduced the number of mucin-depleted foci per colon in rats compared with nonsupplemented cured meat (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Data suggest that the addition of calcium carbonate to the diet or α-tocopherol to cured meat may reduce colorectal cancer risk associated with cured-meat intake. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00994526.
Authors: Xuehong Zhang; NaNa Keum; Kana Wu; Stephanie A Smith-Warner; Shuji Ogino; Andrew T Chan; Charles S Fuchs; Edward L Giovannucci Journal: Int J Cancer Date: 2016-08-09 Impact factor: 7.396
Authors: Lin Zhou; Muhammad M Anwar; Muhammad Zahid; Valerie Shostrom; Sidney S Mirvish Journal: Chem Res Toxicol Date: 2014-09-16 Impact factor: 3.739