BACKGROUND: Therapeutic decisions in cardiology are determined frequently by cardiac chamber size. To decide whether cardiac dimensions are still in the normal range, reliable reference values are needed. However, published reference values mostly refer to historical cohorts using motion-mode measurements and have not been adjusted for sex or age. The impact of body size was only vaguely addressed. The importance of such adjustments is illustrated by studies, which show that smaller individuals and women are at risk of delayed treatment and impaired outcome when currently used reference values are applied. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of body size, sex, and age on the normal heart size. METHODS AND RESULTS: We prospectively studied 622 individuals (52.7% women; 17-91 years; 143-200 cm; 32-240 kg) without cardiac disease by standard transthoracic echocardiography. Multivariable linear regression analyses of the impact of sex, age, height, and weight on cardiac chamber size were performed. By multivariable regression analysis (n=500), all 4 variables independently influenced cardiac chamber size. The validity of cardiac dimensions predicted by the regression model was tested prospectively in a validation cohort (n=122). A calculator is proposed that estimates cardiac dimensions on the basis of the regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Sex, height, weight, and age significantly affect the normal heart size. These parameters need to be considered when cutoff values indicating the need for treatment or even surgery are established.
BACKGROUND: Therapeutic decisions in cardiology are determined frequently by cardiac chamber size. To decide whether cardiac dimensions are still in the normal range, reliable reference values are needed. However, published reference values mostly refer to historical cohorts using motion-mode measurements and have not been adjusted for sex or age. The impact of body size was only vaguely addressed. The importance of such adjustments is illustrated by studies, which show that smaller individuals and women are at risk of delayed treatment and impaired outcome when currently used reference values are applied. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of body size, sex, and age on the normal heart size. METHODS AND RESULTS: We prospectively studied 622 individuals (52.7% women; 17-91 years; 143-200 cm; 32-240 kg) without cardiac disease by standard transthoracic echocardiography. Multivariable linear regression analyses of the impact of sex, age, height, and weight on cardiac chamber size were performed. By multivariable regression analysis (n=500), all 4 variables independently influenced cardiac chamber size. The validity of cardiac dimensions predicted by the regression model was tested prospectively in a validation cohort (n=122). A calculator is proposed that estimates cardiac dimensions on the basis of the regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Sex, height, weight, and age significantly affect the normal heart size. These parameters need to be considered when cutoff values indicating the need for treatment or even surgery are established.
Authors: Seisyou Kou; Luis Caballero; Raluca Dulgheru; Damien Voilliot; Carla De Sousa; George Kacharava; George D Athanassopoulos; Daniele Barone; Monica Baroni; Nuno Cardim; Jose Juan Gomez De Diego; Andreas Hagendorff; Christine Henri; Krasimira Hristova; Teresa Lopez; Julien Magne; Gonzalo De La Morena; Bogdan A Popescu; Martin Penicka; Tolga Ozyigit; Jose David Rodrigo Carbonero; Alessandro Salustri; Nico Van De Veire; Ralph Stephan Von Bardeleben; Dragos Vinereanu; Jens-Uwe Voigt; Jose Luis Zamorano; Erwan Donal; Roberto M Lang; Luigi P Badano; Patrizio Lancellotti Journal: Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging Date: 2014-01-21 Impact factor: 6.875
Authors: Aseem Pradhan; John Scaringi; Patrick Gerard; Ross Arena; Jonathan Myers; Leonard A Kaminsky; Ethan Kung Journal: Cardiovasc Eng Technol Date: 2021-10-19 Impact factor: 2.305
Authors: Jaya Batra; Hannah Rosenblum; Ersilia M Defilippis; Jan M Griffin; Sunil E Saith; Danilo Gamino; Sergio Teruya; Jeffeny De Los Santos; Stephen Helmke; Daniel Burkhoff; Mathew S Maurer Journal: J Card Fail Date: 2020-08-20 Impact factor: 5.712
Authors: Kateryna Petrykey; Aziz M Rezgui; Mathilde Le Guern; Patrick Beaulieu; Pascal St-Onge; Simon Drouin; Laurence Bertout; Fan Wang; Jessica L Baedke; Yutaka Yasui; Melissa M Hudson; Marie-Josée Raboisson; Caroline Laverdière; Daniel Sinnett; Gregor U Andelfinger; Maja Krajinovic Journal: Pharmacogenomics Date: 2021-09-10 Impact factor: 2.638
Authors: Pasquale Palmiero; Annapaola Zito; Maria Maiello; Matteo Cameli; Pietro Amedeo Modesti; Maria Lorenza Muiesan; Salvatore Novo; Pier Sergio Saba; Pietro Scicchitano; Roberto Pedrinelli; Marco Matteo Ciccone Journal: J Clin Med Res Date: 2014-12-29
Authors: Crystel M Gijsberts; Lina Benson; Ulf Dahlström; David Sim; Daniel P S Yeo; Hean Yee Ong; Fazlur Jaufeerally; Gerard K T Leong; Lieng H Ling; A Mark Richards; Dominique P V de Kleijn; Lars H Lund; Carolyn S P Lam Journal: Heart Date: 2016-07-11 Impact factor: 5.994