BACKGROUND: The present study was designed to evaluate the secondary microglial activation processes after spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS: A quantitative histological study was performed to determine ED-1 positive cells, glial cell density, and cavitation size in untreated SCI rats at days 1, 2, and 4, and weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4. RESULTS: The results of glial cell quantification along the 4900-µm long injured spinal cord showed a significant increase in glial cell density percentage at day 2 as compared to other days. Whereas the highest increase in ED-1 immunoreactive cells (monocyte/phagocyte marker in rats) was observed at day 2 (23.15%) post-injury. Evaluation of cavity percentage showed a significant difference between weeks 3 and 4 post-injury groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a new insight into the multiphase immune response to SCI, including cellular inflammation, macrophages/microglia activation, glial cell density, and cavitation. Better understanding of the inflammatory processes associated with acute SCI would permit the development of better therapeutic strategies.
BACKGROUND: The present study was designed to evaluate the secondary microglial activation processes after spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS: A quantitative histological study was performed to determine ED-1 positive cells, glial cell density, and cavitation size in untreated SCI rats at days 1, 2, and 4, and weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4. RESULTS: The results of glial cell quantification along the 4900-µm long injured spinal cord showed a significant increase in glial cell density percentage at day 2 as compared to other days. Whereas the highest increase in ED-1 immunoreactive cells (monocyte/phagocyte marker in rats) was observed at day 2 (23.15%) post-injury. Evaluation of cavity percentage showed a significant difference between weeks 3 and 4 post-injury groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a new insight into the multiphase immune response to SCI, including cellular inflammation, macrophages/microglia activation, glial cell density, and cavitation. Better understanding of the inflammatory processes associated with acute SCI would permit the development of better therapeutic strategies.
Authors: Oliver N Hausmann; Wen-Hui Hu; Tal Keren-Raifman; D Scott Witherow; Qiang Wang; Konstantin Levay; Beata Frydel; Vladlen Z Slepak; John R Bethea Journal: Eur J Neurosci Date: 2002-02 Impact factor: 3.386
Authors: Kevin D Beck; Hal X Nguyen; Manuel D Galvan; Desirée L Salazar; Trent M Woodruff; Aileen J Anderson Journal: Brain Date: 2010-01-19 Impact factor: 13.501