PURPOSE: To provide a comprehensive review of changes that occur in the muscle after stroke and how these changes influence the force-generating capacity of the muscle. METHODS: A literature search of PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Embase was conducted using the search terms stroke, hemiparesis, muscle structure, cross sectional area, atrophy, force, velocity, and torque. There were 27 articles included in this review. RESULTS: Three changes occur in the muscle after stroke: a decrease in muscle mass, a decrease in fibre length, and a smaller pennation angle. In addition, the tendon is stretched and becomes more compliant. All of these factors reduce the affected muscle's ability to generate forces similar to controls or to non-paretic muscles. The result is a leftward shift in the length-tension curve, a downward shift in the torque-angle curve, and a downward shift in the force-velocity curve. CONCLUSION: Changes in muscle architecture contributing to weakness, such as muscle-fibre length, pennation angle, muscle atrophy, and tendon compliance, should be prevented or reversed by means of an appropriate rehabilitation programme.
PURPOSE: To provide a comprehensive review of changes that occur in the muscle after stroke and how these changes influence the force-generating capacity of the muscle. METHODS: A literature search of PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Embase was conducted using the search terms stroke, hemiparesis, muscle structure, cross sectional area, atrophy, force, velocity, and torque. There were 27 articles included in this review. RESULTS: Three changes occur in the muscle after stroke: a decrease in muscle mass, a decrease in fibre length, and a smaller pennation angle. In addition, the tendon is stretched and becomes more compliant. All of these factors reduce the affected muscle's ability to generate forces similar to controls or to non-paretic muscles. The result is a leftward shift in the length-tension curve, a downward shift in the torque-angle curve, and a downward shift in the force-velocity curve. CONCLUSION: Changes in muscle architecture contributing to weakness, such as muscle-fibre length, pennation angle, muscle atrophy, and tendon compliance, should be prevented or reversed by means of an appropriate rehabilitation programme.
Authors: Mi-Joung Lee; Sharon L Kilbreath; Maria Fiatarone Singh; Brian Zeman; Glen M Davis Journal: Med Sci Sports Exerc Date: 2010-01 Impact factor: 5.411
Authors: David Beckwée; Lotte Cuypers; Nina Lefeber; Emma De Keersmaecker; Ellen Scheys; Wout Van Hees; Stany Perkisas; Sylvie De Raedt; Eric Kerckhofs; Ivan Bautmans; Eva Swinnen Journal: J Rehabil Med Date: 2022-10-04 Impact factor: 3.959
Authors: Kimberly J Miller; Michael A Hunt; Courtney L Pollock; Dianne Bryant; S Jayne Garland Journal: BMC Neurol Date: 2014-10-10 Impact factor: 2.474
Authors: Angie Logan; Jennifer Freeman; Bridie Kent; Jillian Pooler; Siobhan Creanor; Jane Vickery; Doyo Enki; Andrew Barton; Jonathan Marsden Journal: Pilot Feasibility Stud Date: 2018-03-23