Model reference adaptive control with constraints for postoperative blood pressure management.

This paper presents an approach for adaptive control of blood pressure using sodium nitroprusside. A modified stochastic model reference adaptive control algorithm with a time varying reference model is developed and used for this purpose. An automatic adjustment of the reference model is proposed in order to optimize the performance of the closed loop system while meeting clinical constraints imposed on the infusion rate and the mean arterial pressure. Extensive computer simulations show the robustness of the proposed controller in the presence of relatively high noise levels, over the full range of plant parameters and for large parameter variations.