BACKGROUND: Right ventricular (RV) volumes and ejection fraction (EF) vary significantly with demographic and anthropometric factors and are associated with poor prognosis in several cardiovascular diseases. This multicenter study was designed to (1) establish the reference values for RV volumes and EF using transthoracic three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography; (2) investigate the influence of age, sex, and body size on RV anatomy; (3) develop normative equations. METHODS AND RESULTS: RV volumes (end-diastolic volume and end-systolic volume), stroke volume, and EF were measured by 3D echocardiography in 540 healthy adult volunteers, prospectively enrolled, evenly distributed across age and sex. The relation of age, sex, and body size parameters was investigated using bivariate and multiple linear regression. Analysis was feasible in 507 (94%) subjects (260 women; age, 45 ± 16 years; range, 18-90). Age, sex, height, and weight significantly influenced RV volumes and EF. Sex effect was significant (P<0.01), with RV volumes larger and EF smaller in men than in women. Older age was associated with lower volumes (end-diastolic volume, -5 mLdecade; end-systolic volume, -3 mL/decade; EF, -2 mL/decade) and higher EF (+1% per decade). Inclusion of body size parameters in the statistical models resulted in improved overall explained variance for volumes (end-diastolic volume, R(2)=0.43; end-systolic volume, R(2)=0.35; stroke volume, R(2)=0.30), while EF was unaffected. Ratiometric and allometric indexing for age, sex, and body size resulted in no significant residual correlation between RV measures and height or weight. CONCLUSIONS: The presented normative ranges and equations could help standardize the 3D echocardiography assessment of RV volumes and function in clinical practice, considering the effects of age, sex, and body size.
BACKGROUND: Right ventricular (RV) volumes and ejection fraction (EF) vary significantly with demographic and anthropometric factors and are associated with poor prognosis in several cardiovascular diseases. This multicenter study was designed to (1) establish the reference values for RV volumes and EF using transthoracic three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography; (2) investigate the influence of age, sex, and body size on RV anatomy; (3) develop normative equations. METHODS AND RESULTS: RV volumes (end-diastolic volume and end-systolic volume), stroke volume, and EF were measured by 3D echocardiography in 540 healthy adult volunteers, prospectively enrolled, evenly distributed across age and sex. The relation of age, sex, and body size parameters was investigated using bivariate and multiple linear regression. Analysis was feasible in 507 (94%) subjects (260 women; age, 45 ± 16 years; range, 18-90). Age, sex, height, and weight significantly influenced RV volumes and EF. Sex effect was significant (P<0.01), with RV volumes larger and EF smaller in men than in women. Older age was associated with lower volumes (end-diastolic volume, -5 mLdecade; end-systolic volume, -3 mL/decade; EF, -2 mL/decade) and higher EF (+1% per decade). Inclusion of body size parameters in the statistical models resulted in improved overall explained variance for volumes (end-diastolic volume, R(2)=0.43; end-systolic volume, R(2)=0.35; stroke volume, R(2)=0.30), while EF was unaffected. Ratiometric and allometric indexing for age, sex, and body size resulted in no significant residual correlation between RV measures and height or weight. CONCLUSIONS: The presented normative ranges and equations could help standardize the 3D echocardiography assessment of RV volumes and function in clinical practice, considering the effects of age, sex, and body size.
Entities:
Keywords:
allometric equations; echocardiography, three-dimensional; reference values; right ventricular ejection fraction; right ventricular volumes
Authors: Karima Addetia; Francesco Maffessanti; Denisa Muraru; Amita Singh; Elena Surkova; Victor Mor-Avi; Luigi P Badano; Roberto M Lang Journal: J Am Soc Echocardiogr Date: 2018-02-21 Impact factor: 5.251
Authors: Seisyou Kou; Luis Caballero; Raluca Dulgheru; Damien Voilliot; Carla De Sousa; George Kacharava; George D Athanassopoulos; Daniele Barone; Monica Baroni; Nuno Cardim; Jose Juan Gomez De Diego; Andreas Hagendorff; Christine Henri; Krasimira Hristova; Teresa Lopez; Julien Magne; Gonzalo De La Morena; Bogdan A Popescu; Martin Penicka; Tolga Ozyigit; Jose David Rodrigo Carbonero; Alessandro Salustri; Nico Van De Veire; Ralph Stephan Von Bardeleben; Dragos Vinereanu; Jens-Uwe Voigt; Jose Luis Zamorano; Erwan Donal; Roberto M Lang; Luigi P Badano; Patrizio Lancellotti Journal: Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging Date: 2014-01-21 Impact factor: 6.875
Authors: Kotaro Nochioka; Gabriela Querejeta Roca; Brian Claggett; Tor Biering-Sørensen; Kunihiro Matsushita; Chung-Lieh Hung; Scott D Solomon; Dalane Kitzman; Amil M Shah Journal: JAMA Cardiol Date: 2018-10-01 Impact factor: 14.676