BACKGROUND: Our aim is to elucidate causative factors for gallstones, especially focusing on Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection. METHODS: We analyzed 15,551 Japanese adults who had no history of gastrectomy, cholecystectomy, HP eradication, and didn't use proton pump inhibitors, anti-diabetic drugs, or anti-cholesterol drugs. 1,057 subjects who previously had HP eradication were analyzed separately. RESULTS: Gallstones were detected in 409 of 8,625 men (4.74%) and 285 of 6,926 women (4.11%) by ultrasonography. Among the 25 factors univariately analyzed, age, HP infection, alcohol intake, weight, body mass index (BMI), and 14 blood test values (AST, ALT, ALP, γ-GTP, T-Chol, HDL-Chol, LDL-Chol, TG, TP, Hb, HbA1c, pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II, and pepsinogen I/II ratio) displayed significant association with gallstones (p < 0.05), whereas gender, smoking, height, and three blood test values (Alb, T-Bil, MCV) did not. Multivariate analysis showed that age, gender, alcohol intake, BMI, γ-GTP, LDL-Chol, TP, and HP infection had significant association (p < 0.05). Successive multiple logistic regression analysis calculating odds ratio (OR) and standardized coefficients (β) showed that age (OR/β = 1.57/0.450), BMI (OR/β = 1.30/0.264), HP infection (OR/β = 1.51/0.206), lower alcohol intake (OR/β = 1.33/0.144), γ-GTP (OR/β = 1.15/0.139), and pepsinogen I/II ratio (OR/β = 1.08/0.038) have significant positive association with gallstones, whereas gender does not. The gallstone prevalence among HP-negative, HP-eradicated, and HP-positive subjects was 3.81, 4.73 and 6.08%, respectively. The matched analysis controlling age, BMI, γ-GTP, alcohol intake, pepsinogen I/II ratio and gender also demonstrated that gallstone prevalence among HP-eradicated subjects was significantly lower compared with HP-positive subjects (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: HP infection is positively associated with gallstones. HP eradication may lead to prevention of gallstones.
BACKGROUND: Our aim is to elucidate causative factors for gallstones, especially focusing on Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection. METHODS: We analyzed 15,551 Japanese adults who had no history of gastrectomy, cholecystectomy, HP eradication, and didn't use proton pump inhibitors, anti-diabetic drugs, or anti-cholesterol drugs. 1,057 subjects who previously had HP eradication were analyzed separately. RESULTS:Gallstones were detected in 409 of 8,625 men (4.74%) and 285 of 6,926 women (4.11%) by ultrasonography. Among the 25 factors univariately analyzed, age, HP infection, alcohol intake, weight, body mass index (BMI), and 14 blood test values (AST, ALT, ALP, γ-GTP, T-Chol, HDL-Chol, LDL-Chol, TG, TP, Hb, HbA1c, pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II, and pepsinogen I/II ratio) displayed significant association with gallstones (p < 0.05), whereas gender, smoking, height, and three blood test values (Alb, T-Bil, MCV) did not. Multivariate analysis showed that age, gender, alcohol intake, BMI, γ-GTP, LDL-Chol, TP, and HP infection had significant association (p < 0.05). Successive multiple logistic regression analysis calculating odds ratio (OR) and standardized coefficients (β) showed that age (OR/β = 1.57/0.450), BMI (OR/β = 1.30/0.264), HP infection (OR/β = 1.51/0.206), lower alcohol intake (OR/β = 1.33/0.144), γ-GTP (OR/β = 1.15/0.139), and pepsinogen I/II ratio (OR/β = 1.08/0.038) have significant positive association with gallstones, whereas gender does not. The gallstone prevalence among HP-negative, HP-eradicated, and HP-positive subjects was 3.81, 4.73 and 6.08%, respectively. The matched analysis controlling age, BMI, γ-GTP, alcohol intake, pepsinogen I/II ratio and gender also demonstrated that gallstone prevalence among HP-eradicated subjects was significantly lower compared with HP-positive subjects (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS:HP infection is positively associated with gallstones. HP eradication may lead to prevention of gallstones.
Authors: A F Attili; R Capocaccia; N Carulli; D Festi; E Roda; L Barbara; L Capocaccia; A Menotti; L Okolicsanyi; G Ricci; L Lalloni; S Mariotti; C Sama; E Scafato Journal: Hepatology Date: 1997-10 Impact factor: 17.425
Authors: P Malfertheiner; F Megraud; C O'Morain; F Bazzoli; E El-Omar; D Graham; R Hunt; T Rokkas; N Vakil; E J Kuipers Journal: Gut Date: 2006-12-14 Impact factor: 23.059
Authors: S J Myung; M H Kim; K N Shim; Y S Kim; E O Kim; H J Kim; E T Park; K S Yoo; B C Lim; D W Seo; S K Lee; Y I Min; J Y Kim Journal: Dig Dis Sci Date: 2000-07 Impact factor: 3.199
Authors: Luigi Gatta; Nimish Vakil; Chiara Ricci; John F Osborn; Andrea Tampieri; Federico Perna; Mario Miglioli; Dino Vaira Journal: Am J Gastroenterol Date: 2004-05 Impact factor: 10.864