Side chain and backbone structure-dependent subcellular localization and toxicity of conjugated polymer nanoparticles.

The subcellular localization and toxicity of conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) are dependent on the chemical structure of the side chains and backbone. Primary amine-containing CPNs exhibit high Golgi localization with no toxicity. Incorporation of short ethylene oxide and tertiary amine side chains contributes to decreased Golgi localization and increased toxicity, respectively.