OBJECTIVE: Esophageal impedance (multichannel intraluminal impedance [MII]) baseline (impedance baseline [IB]) has been recently considered to be related to esophageal integrity. The aim of this study was to analyze the age effect on IB in a large population of pediatric patients. DESIGN: A total of 816 children with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux and submitted to MII were included. Mean IB was automatically calculated in the different MII channels (Chs) throughout 24-hour tracings by the specific software without removing any episode of increased/decreased IB. Acid and nonacid reflux parameters and age subgroups analysis were performed. Unpaired t test, Spearman rank correlation, polynomial and regression plot, multiple regression analysis, factorial analysis of variance, and the least mean squares method were used for statistical analysis and age-related percentile curves. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: Mean IB was significantly (P < 0.001) lower in younger compared with older children up to 48 months. The mean increase of IB per month was 2.9 Ω in Ch 1 and 2.3 Ω in Ch 6, but much higher in the first 36 months of life (47.5 Ω in Ch 1 and 29.9 Ω in Ch 6, respectively). From 48 months onward, there was no significant increase of the mean IB (P = 0.73). In the multiple regression analysis, only age and reflux index (but no other reflux parameters) significantly correlated with IB. Distal IB was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in patients with esophagitis and in subjects taking proton pump inhibitors compared with subjects off (any) treatment. Percentiles of IB in proximal and distal Chs were provided according to different age groups. CONCLUSIONS: IB is significantly lower in infants (especially in the first months of life) compared with older children. Low IB in both proximal and distal esophagus in young infants may be related to anatomical and functional difference other than the presence of esophagitis.
OBJECTIVE: Esophageal impedance (multichannel intraluminal impedance [MII]) baseline (impedance baseline [IB]) has been recently considered to be related to esophageal integrity. The aim of this study was to analyze the age effect on IB in a large population of pediatric patients. DESIGN: A total of 816 children with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux and submitted to MII were included. Mean IB was automatically calculated in the different MII channels (Chs) throughout 24-hour tracings by the specific software without removing any episode of increased/decreased IB. Acid and nonacid reflux parameters and age subgroups analysis were performed. Unpaired t test, Spearman rank correlation, polynomial and regression plot, multiple regression analysis, factorial analysis of variance, and the least mean squares method were used for statistical analysis and age-related percentile curves. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: Mean IB was significantly (P < 0.001) lower in younger compared with older children up to 48 months. The mean increase of IB per month was 2.9 Ω in Ch 1 and 2.3 Ω in Ch 6, but much higher in the first 36 months of life (47.5 Ω in Ch 1 and 29.9 Ω in Ch 6, respectively). From 48 months onward, there was no significant increase of the mean IB (P = 0.73). In the multiple regression analysis, only age and reflux index (but no other reflux parameters) significantly correlated with IB. Distal IB was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in patients with esophagitis and in subjects taking proton pump inhibitors compared with subjects off (any) treatment. Percentiles of IB in proximal and distal Chs were provided according to different age groups. CONCLUSIONS: IB is significantly lower in infants (especially in the first months of life) compared with older children. Low IB in both proximal and distal esophagus in young infants may be related to anatomical and functional difference other than the presence of esophagitis.
Authors: Mary Allyson Lowry; Michael F Vaezi; Hernan Correa; Tina Higginbotham; James C Slaughter; Sari Acra Journal: J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr Date: 2018-08 Impact factor: 2.839
Authors: Femke A Mauritz; Nicolaas F Rinsma; Ernest L W van Heurn; Cornelius E J Sloots; Peter D Siersema; Roderick H J Houwen; David C van der Zee; Ad A M Masclee; José M Conchillo; Maud Y A Van Herwaarden-Lindeboom Journal: Surg Endosc Date: 2016-11-01 Impact factor: 4.584
Authors: Frederick W Woodley; Don Hayes; Benjamin T Kopp; Melissa Moore-Clingenpeel; Rodrigo Strehl Machado; Christopher J Nemastil; Sudarshan Jadcherla; Carlo Di Lorenzo; Ajay Kaul; Hayat Mousa Journal: Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol Date: 2019-09-16