Blinded by an error.

Errors are typically followed by a series of behavioural changes. Although most of these changes are well understood, accuracy changes following errors are not. A new paradigm is presented where participants performed a flanker task followed by a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of numbers (1-9). In most trials, a letter was presented on three possible positions of the RSVP (1-3-6). This was done with and without immediate feedback on the flanker task. In both experiments participants had worse target detection after an error in the flanker task. These findings support non-functional accounts for error monitoring that predict decreased post-error performance (Dudschig & Jentzsch, 2009; Jentzsch & Dudschig, 2009; Notebaert et al., 2009). In a third experiment we tried to dissociate between a bottleneck and an orienting account and showed decreased target detection after irrelevant red signals, irrespective of frequency. This result is interpreted in support for the bottleneck account (Dudschig & Jentzsch, 2009; Jentzsch & Dudschig, 2009).