BACKGROUND: Zinc is an immunomodulatory trace element suggested to be beneficial in the augmentation of antidepressant therapy. Cross-sectional studies have also suggested an association between low dietary zinc and depression. This study examined the association between dietary zinc intake and depression in a prospective setting in initially depression-free men during a 20-year follow-up. METHODS: The study formed a part of the population-based Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor (KIHD) Study, and comprised 2317 Finnish men aged 42-61 years. Zinc intake was assessed at baseline by a 4-d food record. Baseline depression severity was recorded with the Human Population Laboratory Depression Scale. In the prospective setting, depression was defined as having received a hospital discharge diagnosis of unipolar depressive disorder. Individuals who at baseline had elevated depressive symptoms were excluded (n=283). RESULTS: Altogether, 60 (2.7%) individuals received a hospital discharge diagnosis of depression during the 20-year follow-up. In Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, baseline depression severity, smoking, alcohol use, physical exercise and the use of dietary supplements, belonging to the lowest tertile of energy-adjusted zinc intake was not associated with an increased depression risk (RR 1.06, 95% CI 0.59-1.90). LIMITATIONS: These observations may not be generalizable to women, or to individuals with a depression level not warranting hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that a low dietary zinc intake may not longitudinally precede depression in men. Dietary zinc intake may not have relevance for the prevention of depression in middle-aged men with a sufficient dietary zinc intake.
BACKGROUND: Zinc is an immunomodulatory trace element suggested to be beneficial in the augmentation of antidepressant therapy. Cross-sectional studies have also suggested an association between low dietary zinc and depression. This study examined the association between dietary zinc intake and depression in a prospective setting in initially depression-free men during a 20-year follow-up. METHODS: The study formed a part of the population-based Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor (KIHD) Study, and comprised 2317 Finnish men aged 42-61 years. Zinc intake was assessed at baseline by a 4-d food record. Baseline depression severity was recorded with the Human Population Laboratory Depression Scale. In the prospective setting, depression was defined as having received a hospital discharge diagnosis of unipolar depressive disorder. Individuals who at baseline had elevated depressive symptoms were excluded (n=283). RESULTS: Altogether, 60 (2.7%) individuals received a hospital discharge diagnosis of depression during the 20-year follow-up. In Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, baseline depression severity, smoking, alcohol use, physical exercise and the use of dietary supplements, belonging to the lowest tertile of energy-adjusted zinc intake was not associated with an increased depression risk (RR 1.06, 95% CI 0.59-1.90). LIMITATIONS: These observations may not be generalizable to women, or to individuals with a depression level not warranting hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that a low dietary zinc intake may not longitudinally precede depression in men. Dietary zinc intake may not have relevance for the prevention of depression in middle-aged men with a sufficient dietary zinc intake.
Authors: Arpita Das; Robert G Cumming; Vasi Naganathan; Rosilene V Ribeiro; David G Le Couteur; David J Handelsman; Louise M Waite; Vasant Hirani Journal: Eur J Nutr Date: 2020-05-08 Impact factor: 5.614
Authors: Luana M Manosso; Morgana Moretti; André R Colla; Camille M Ribeiro; Tharine Dal-Cim; Carla I Tasca; Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues Journal: J Neural Transm (Vienna) Date: 2016-01-08 Impact factor: 3.575
Authors: Nuria Rubio-López; María Morales-Suárez-Varela; Yolanda Pico; Lorenzo Livianos-Aldana; Agustín Llopis-González Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2016-03-22 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Louise Lafortune; Steven Martin; Sarah Kelly; Isla Kuhn; Olivia Remes; Andy Cowan; Carol Brayne Journal: PLoS One Date: 2016-02-04 Impact factor: 3.240