BACKGROUND: Dogs with protein-losing nephropathy (PLN) are at risk of thromboembolic disease, but the mechanism leading to hypercoagulability and the population of dogs at risk are unknown. OBJECTIVES: To characterize thromboelastography (TEG) and its association with serum albumin (SALB), UPC, and antithrombin activity in dogs with PLN. ANIMALS: Twenty-eight client-owned dogs with PLN (urine protein:creatinine ratio [UPC] > 2.0) and 8 control dogs were prospectively enrolled in this observational study. METHODS: TEG parameters, antithrombin activity, serum biochemical profiles, and UPC were measured. TEG analyses were run in duplicate with kaolin activation; reaction time (R), clot formation time (K), α-angle (α), maximal amplitude (MA), and global clot strength (G) were analyzed. RESULTS: Dogs with PLN had lower K (P = .004), and higher α (P = .001), MA (P < .001), and G (P < .001) values than controls. No significant correlation between TEG parameters and UPC, SALB, or antithrombin was noted. Twelve PLN dogs (42.8%) were azotemic and 19 (67.8%) were hypoalbuminemic (SALB < 3.0 g/dL); 11 had SALB < 2.5 g/dL. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: These results indicate that dogs with PLN have TEG values that demonstrate hypercoagulability compared with a control population but that antithrombin, SALB, or UPC cannot be used in isolation to predict this result. A comprehensive evaluation of the coagulation system in individual patients may be necessary to predict the point at which anti-thrombotic therapy is indicated.
BACKGROUND:Dogs with protein-losing nephropathy (PLN) are at risk of thromboembolic disease, but the mechanism leading to hypercoagulability and the population of dogs at risk are unknown. OBJECTIVES: To characterize thromboelastography (TEG) and its association with serum albumin (SALB), UPC, and antithrombin activity in dogs with PLN. ANIMALS: Twenty-eight client-owned dogs with PLN (urine protein:creatinine ratio [UPC] > 2.0) and 8 control dogs were prospectively enrolled in this observational study. METHODS: TEG parameters, antithrombin activity, serum biochemical profiles, and UPC were measured. TEG analyses were run in duplicate with kaolin activation; reaction time (R), clot formation time (K), α-angle (α), maximal amplitude (MA), and global clot strength (G) were analyzed. RESULTS:Dogs with PLN had lower K (P = .004), and higher α (P = .001), MA (P < .001), and G (P < .001) values than controls. No significant correlation between TEG parameters and UPC, SALB, or antithrombin was noted. Twelve PLN dogs (42.8%) were azotemic and 19 (67.8%) were hypoalbuminemic (SALB < 3.0 g/dL); 11 had SALB < 2.5 g/dL. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: These results indicate that dogs with PLN have TEG values that demonstrate hypercoagulability compared with a control population but that antithrombin, SALB, or UPC cannot be used in isolation to predict this result. A comprehensive evaluation of the coagulation system in individual patients may be necessary to predict the point at which anti-thrombotic therapy is indicated.
Authors: Bryce A Kerlin; Amanda P Waller; Ruchika Sharma; Melinda A Chanley; Marvin T Nieman; William E Smoyer Journal: J Am Soc Nephrol Date: 2015-04-08 Impact factor: 10.121
Authors: R M Heilmann; N Grützner; M C Iazbik; R Lopes; C S Bridges; J S Suchodolski; C G Couto; J M Steiner Journal: J Vet Intern Med Date: 2016-11-19 Impact factor: 3.333
Authors: Mackenzie Ruehl; Alex M Lynch; Therese E O'Toole; Bari Morris; John Rush; C Guillermo Couto; Samantha Hmelo; Stacey Sonnenshein; Amy Butler; Julien Guillaumin Journal: J Vet Intern Med Date: 2020-08-15 Impact factor: 3.333
Authors: Angelica Botto; Barbara Bruno; Cristiana Maurella; Fulvio Riondato; Alberto Tarducci; Giulio Mengozzi; Antonio Borrelli Journal: BMC Vet Res Date: 2018-01-31 Impact factor: 2.741
Authors: Jennifer M Loewen; Rachel E Cianciolo; Liwen Zhang; Michael Yaeger; Jessica L Ward; Jodi D Smith; Dana N LeVine Journal: J Vet Intern Med Date: 2018-02-27 Impact factor: 3.333