BACKGROUND: Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors (GBD) 2010 Study estimated IHD mortality and disability burden for 21 world regions for the years 1990 to 2010. METHODS: Data sources for GBD IHD epidemiology estimates were mortality surveillance, verbal autopsy, and vital registration data (for IHD mortality) and systematic review of IHD epidemiology literature published 1980-2008 (for non-fatal IHD outcomes). An estimation and validation process led to an ensemble model of IHD mortality by country for all 21 world regions, adjusted for country-level covariates. Disease models were developed for the nonfatal sequelae of IHD: myocardial infarction, stable angina pectoris, and ischemic heart failure. RESULTS: Country level covariates including metabolic and nutritional risk factors, education, war, and annual income per capita contributed to the ensemble model for the analysis of IHD death. In the acute myocardial infarction model, inclusion of troponin in the diagnostic criteria of studies published after the year 2000 was associated with a 50% higher incidence. Self-reported diagnosis of angina significantly overestimated stable angina prevalence compared with "definite" angina elicited by the Rose angina questionnaire. For 2010, Eastern Europe and Central Asia had the highest rates of IHD death and the Asia Pacific High-Income, East Asia, Latin American Andean, and sub-Saharan Africa regions had the lowest. CONCLUSIONS: Global and regional IHD epidemiology estimates are needed for estimating the worldwide burden of IHD. Using descriptive meta-analysis tools, the GBD 2010 standardized and pooled international data by adjusting for region-level mortality and risk factor data, and study level diagnostic method. Analyses maximized internal consistency, generalizability, and adjustment for known sources of bias. The GBD IHD analysis nonetheless highlights the need for improved IHD epidemiology surveillance in many regions and the need for uniform diagnostic standards.
BACKGROUND:Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors (GBD) 2010 Study estimated IHD mortality and disability burden for 21 world regions for the years 1990 to 2010. METHODS: Data sources for GBD IHD epidemiology estimates were mortality surveillance, verbal autopsy, and vital registration data (for IHD mortality) and systematic review of IHD epidemiology literature published 1980-2008 (for non-fatal IHD outcomes). An estimation and validation process led to an ensemble model of IHD mortality by country for all 21 world regions, adjusted for country-level covariates. Disease models were developed for the nonfatal sequelae of IHD: myocardial infarction, stable angina pectoris, and ischemic heart failure. RESULTS: Country level covariates including metabolic and nutritional risk factors, education, war, and annual income per capita contributed to the ensemble model for the analysis of IHD death. In the acute myocardial infarction model, inclusion of troponin in the diagnostic criteria of studies published after the year 2000 was associated with a 50% higher incidence. Self-reported diagnosis of angina significantly overestimated stable angina prevalence compared with "definite" angina elicited by the Rose angina questionnaire. For 2010, Eastern Europe and Central Asia had the highest rates of IHD death and the Asia Pacific High-Income, East Asia, Latin American Andean, and sub-Saharan Africa regions had the lowest. CONCLUSIONS: Global and regional IHD epidemiology estimates are needed for estimating the worldwide burden of IHD. Using descriptive meta-analysis tools, the GBD 2010 standardized and pooled international data by adjusting for region-level mortality and risk factor data, and study level diagnostic method. Analyses maximized internal consistency, generalizability, and adjustment for known sources of bias. The GBD IHD analysis nonetheless highlights the need for improved IHD epidemiology surveillance in many regions and the need for uniform diagnostic standards.
Authors: Russell V Luepker; Fred S Apple; Robert H Christenson; Richard S Crow; Stephen P Fortmann; David Goff; Robert J Goldberg; Mary M Hand; Allan S Jaffe; Desmond G Julian; Daniel Levy; Teri Manolio; Shanthi Mendis; George Mensah; Andrzej Pajak; Ronald J Prineas; K Srinath Reddy; Veronique L Roger; Wayne D Rosamond; Eyal Shahar; A Richey Sharrett; Paul Sorlie; Hugh Tunstall-Pedoe Journal: Circulation Date: 2003-11-10 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Rafael Lozano; Alan D Lopez; Charles Atkinson; Mohsen Naghavi; Abraham D Flaxman; Christopher Jl Murray Journal: Popul Health Metr Date: 2011-08-04
Authors: Amanda Nicholson; Martin Bobak; Michael Murphy; Richard Rose; Michael Marmot Journal: Bull World Health Organ Date: 2005-11-10 Impact factor: 9.408
Authors: José Antonio Cano Martín; Borja Martínez-Pérez; Isabel de la Torre-Díez; Miguel López-Coronado Journal: J Med Syst Date: 2014-07-04 Impact factor: 4.460
Authors: Peter Ueda; Mark Woodward; Yuan Lu; Kaveh Hajifathalian; Rihab Al-Wotayan; Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas; Alireza Ahmadvand; Fereidoun Azizi; James Bentham; Renata Cifkova; Mariachiara Di Cesare; Louise Eriksen; Farshad Farzadfar; Trevor S Ferguson; Nayu Ikeda; Davood Khalili; Young-Ho Khang; Vera Lanska; Luz León-Muñoz; Dianna J Magliano; Paula Margozzini; Kelias P Msyamboza; Gerald Mutungi; Kyungwon Oh; Sophal Oum; Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo; Rosalba Rojas-Martinez; Gonzalo Valdivia; Rainford Wilks; Jonathan E Shaw; Gretchen A Stevens; Janne S Tolstrup; Bin Zhou; Joshua A Salomon; Majid Ezzati; Goodarz Danaei Journal: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol Date: 2017-01-24 Impact factor: 32.069
Authors: Andrew E Moran; Mohammad H Forouzanfar; Gregory A Roth; George A Mensah; Majid Ezzati; Abraham Flaxman; Christopher J L Murray; Mohsen Naghavi Journal: Circulation Date: 2014-02-26 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Andrew E Moran; Mohammad H Forouzanfar; Gregory A Roth; George A Mensah; Majid Ezzati; Christopher J L Murray; Mohsen Naghavi Journal: Circulation Date: 2014-02-26 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Andrew E Moran; Keane Y Tzong; Mohammad H Forouzanfar; Gregory A Rothy; George A Mensah; Majid Ezzati; Christopher J L Murray; Mohsen Naghavi Journal: Glob Heart Date: 2014-03