BACKGROUND: Depression has been associated with increased oxidative stress and hypothesized to accelerate aging. Nucleic acid damage from oxidation is a critical part of the aging process, and a suggested early event in age-related somatic morbidities that are also prevalent in depression, such as dementia and type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that increased severity of depression is associated with increased systemic oxidatively generated DNA and RNA damage, and that this increase is attenuated by an effective antidepressant treatment. METHODS: The urinary excretion of markers of systemic oxidatively generated DNA and RNA damage, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoGuo), respectively, were determined in healthy controls (N=28), moderately depressed, non-medicated patients (N=26) and severely depressed patients eligible for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) (N=29). In the severely depressed patient group, samples were also obtained 1 week after the completion of ECT. RESULTS: Systemic RNA damage from oxidation, as measured by 8-oxoGuo excretion, was higher with increasing severity of depression (controls<moderately depressed<severely depressed) (P for trend=0.004). The 8-oxoGuo excretion was further increased after clinically effective ECT compared with pre-ECT values (P=0.006). There were no differences in 8-oxodG excretion between the groups or pre- vs. post-ECT. LIMITATIONS: Small sample size and the inclusion of both unipolar and bipolar patients in the severely depressed group. CONCLUSIONS: Severe depression is associated with increased systemic oxidatively generated RNA damage, which may be an additional factor underlying the somatic morbidity and neurodegenerative features associated with depression. Due to the lack of normalization by clinically effective ECT, the phenomenon does not appear to be causally linked to the depressive state per se.
BACKGROUND:Depression has been associated with increased oxidative stress and hypothesized to accelerate aging. Nucleic acid damage from oxidation is a critical part of the aging process, and a suggested early event in age-related somatic morbidities that are also prevalent in depression, such as dementia and type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that increased severity of depression is associated with increased systemic oxidatively generated DNA and RNA damage, and that this increase is attenuated by an effective antidepressant treatment. METHODS: The urinary excretion of markers of systemic oxidatively generated DNA and RNA damage, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoGuo), respectively, were determined in healthy controls (N=28), moderately depressed, non-medicated patients (N=26) and severely depressedpatients eligible for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) (N=29). In the severely depressedpatient group, samples were also obtained 1 week after the completion of ECT. RESULTS: Systemic RNA damage from oxidation, as measured by 8-oxoGuo excretion, was higher with increasing severity of depression (controls<moderately depressed<severely depressed) (P for trend=0.004). The 8-oxoGuo excretion was further increased after clinically effective ECT compared with pre-ECT values (P=0.006). There were no differences in 8-oxodG excretion between the groups or pre- vs. post-ECT. LIMITATIONS: Small sample size and the inclusion of both unipolar and bipolarpatients in the severely depressed group. CONCLUSIONS:Severe depression is associated with increased systemic oxidatively generated RNA damage, which may be an additional factor underlying the somatic morbidity and neurodegenerative features associated with depression. Due to the lack of normalization by clinically effective ECT, the phenomenon does not appear to be causally linked to the depressive state per se.
Authors: Lisa R Steenkamp; Christina M Hough; Victor I Reus; Felipe A Jain; Elissa S Epel; S Jill James; Alexandra E Morford; Synthia H Mellon; Owen M Wolkowitz; Daniel Lindqvist Journal: J Affect Disord Date: 2017-05-06 Impact factor: 4.839
Authors: Anders Jorgensen; Kristin Köhler-Forsberg; Trine Henriksen; Allan Weimann; Ivan Brandslund; Christina Ellervik; Henrik E Poulsen; Gitte Moos Knudsen; Vibe G Frokjaer; Martin B Jorgensen Journal: Transl Psychiatry Date: 2022-05-16 Impact factor: 7.989
Authors: Nese Direk; Stephanie Williams; Jennifer A Smith; Stephan Ripke; Tracy Air; Azmeraw T Amare; Najaf Amin; Bernhard T Baune; David A Bennett; Douglas H R Blackwood; Dorret Boomsma; Gerome Breen; Henriette N Buttenschøn; Enda M Byrne; Anders D Børglum; Enrique Castelao; Sven Cichon; Toni-Kim Clarke; Marilyn C Cornelis; Udo Dannlowski; Philip L De Jager; Ayse Demirkan; Enrico Domenici; Cornelia M van Duijn; Erin C Dunn; Johan G Eriksson; Tonu Esko; Jessica D Faul; Luigi Ferrucci; Myriam Fornage; Eco de Geus; Michael Gill; Scott D Gordon; Hans Jörgen Grabe; Gerard van Grootheest; Steven P Hamilton; Catharina A Hartman; Andrew C Heath; Karin Hek; Albert Hofman; Georg Homuth; Carsten Horn; Jouke Jan Hottenga; Sharon L R Kardia; Stefan Kloiber; Karestan Koenen; Zoltán Kutalik; Karl-Heinz Ladwig; Jari Lahti; Douglas F Levinson; Cathryn M Lewis; Glyn Lewis; Qingqin S Li; David J Llewellyn; Susanne Lucae; Kathryn L Lunetta; Donald J MacIntyre; Pamela Madden; Nicholas G Martin; Andrew M McIntosh; Andres Metspalu; Yuri Milaneschi; Grant W Montgomery; Ole Mors; Thomas H Mosley; Joanne M Murabito; Bertram Müller-Myhsok; Markus M Nöthen; Dale R Nyholt; Michael C O'Donovan; Brenda W Penninx; Michele L Pergadia; Roy Perlis; James B Potash; Martin Preisig; Shaun M Purcell; Jorge A Quiroz; Katri Räikkönen; John P Rice; Marcella Rietschel; Margarita Rivera; Thomas G Schulze; Jianxin Shi; Stanley Shyn; Grant C Sinnamon; Johannes H Smit; Jordan W Smoller; Harold Snieder; Toshiko Tanaka; Katherine E Tansey; Alexander Teumer; Rudolf Uher; Daniel Umbricht; Sandra Van der Auwera; Erin B Ware; David R Weir; Myrna M Weissman; Gonneke Willemsen; Jingyun Yang; Wei Zhao; Henning Tiemeier; Patrick F Sullivan Journal: Biol Psychiatry Date: 2016-12-08 Impact factor: 13.382
Authors: Mu-Rong Chao; Mark D Evans; Chiung-Wen Hu; Yunhee Ji; Peter Møller; Pavel Rossner; Marcus S Cooke Journal: Redox Biol Date: 2021-01-28 Impact factor: 11.799