CONTEXT: Stress fractures are common in endurance athletes. Whereas studies have described distal tibia bone structure in athletes, there are few data regarding hip geometric parameters. Hip structural analysis (HSA) using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry is a validated technique to assess hip bone structure. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare hip geometry in young oligoamenorrheic athletes (AAs), eumenorrheic athletes (EAs), and nonathletes using HSA. We hypothesized that AAs would have impaired bone structure compared with that of EAs. DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study. SETTING: The setting was a clinical research center. SUBJECTS: We enrolled 55 AAs, 24 EAs, and 23 nonathletes of normal weight who were 14 to 22 years old. Athletes ran ≥20 miles/wk or were engaged in weight-bearing sports for ≥4 hours/wk. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used for HSA and hip areal bone mineral density (aBMD). RESULTS: Hip aBMD Z-scores were lower in AAs and in nonathletes than in EAs (P = .002). A larger proportion of AAs than EAs and nonathletes had hip Z-scores <-1 (30.9, 4.2, 17.4%, P = .01). At the narrow neck, trochanteric region, and femoral shaft, subperiosteal width, cross-sectional moment of inertia, and section modulus were higher in EAs than in nonathletes; values in AAs did not differ from those of nonathletes. Cross-sectional area was lower in AAs and in nonathletes than in EAs. Groups did not differ for cortical thickness or buckling ratio. Group differences were lost after adjustment for lean mass but not aBMD. CONCLUSIONS: In an eugonadal state, athletic activity confers benefits for hip structure independent of aBMD. This advantage is lost in AAs, who do not differ from nonathletes for most parameters and fare worse than EAs for cross-sectional area.
CONTEXT: Stress fractures are common in endurance athletes. Whereas studies have described distal tibia bone structure in athletes, there are few data regarding hip geometric parameters. Hip structural analysis (HSA) using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry is a validated technique to assess hip bone structure. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare hip geometry in young oligoamenorrheic athletes (AAs), eumenorrheic athletes (EAs), and nonathletes using HSA. We hypothesized that AAs would have impaired bone structure compared with that of EAs. DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study. SETTING: The setting was a clinical research center. SUBJECTS: We enrolled 55 AAs, 24 EAs, and 23 nonathletes of normal weight who were 14 to 22 years old. Athletes ran ≥20 miles/wk or were engaged in weight-bearing sports for ≥4 hours/wk. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used for HSA and hip areal bone mineral density (aBMD). RESULTS: Hip aBMD Z-scores were lower in AAs and in nonathletes than in EAs (P = .002). A larger proportion of AAs than EAs and nonathletes had hip Z-scores <-1 (30.9, 4.2, 17.4%, P = .01). At the narrow neck, trochanteric region, and femoral shaft, subperiosteal width, cross-sectional moment of inertia, and section modulus were higher in EAs than in nonathletes; values in AAs did not differ from those of nonathletes. Cross-sectional area was lower in AAs and in nonathletes than in EAs. Groups did not differ for cortical thickness or buckling ratio. Group differences were lost after adjustment for lean mass but not aBMD. CONCLUSIONS: In an eugonadal state, athletic activity confers benefits for hip structure independent of aBMD. This advantage is lost in AAs, who do not differ from nonathletes for most parameters and fare worse than EAs for cross-sectional area.
Authors: Béatrice Ferry; Eric Lespessailles; Pierre Rochcongar; Martine Duclos; Daniel Courteix Journal: Joint Bone Spine Date: 2012-03-09 Impact factor: 4.929
Authors: Gayani Alwis; Caroline Karlsson; Susanna Stenevi-Lundgren; Björn E Rosengren; Magnus K Karlsson Journal: Calcif Tissue Int Date: 2012-01-22 Impact factor: 4.333
Authors: K H Pietiläinen; M Korkeila; L H Bogl; K R Westerterp; H Yki-Järvinen; J Kaprio; A Rissanen Journal: Int J Obes (Lond) Date: 2009-12-15 Impact factor: 5.095
Authors: Kathleen F Janz; Julie M Eichenberger Gilmore; Steven M Levy; Elena M Letuchy; Trudy L Burns; Thomas J Beck Journal: Bone Date: 2007-05-10 Impact factor: 4.398
Authors: Karla Christo; Rajani Prabhakaran; Brooke Lamparello; Jennalee Cord; Karen K Miller; Mark A Goldstein; Nupur Gupta; David B Herzog; Anne Klibanski; Madhusmita Misra Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2008-06 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: Mark J Hutson; Emma O'Donnell; Katherine Brooke-Wavell; Craig Sale; Richard C Blagrove Journal: Sports Med Date: 2021-03 Impact factor: 11.136