Esophagectomy after chemoradiation: who and when to operate.

Neoadjuvant chemoradiation is the standard of care for locally advanced esophageal cancer. After completion of chemoradiotherapy, deciding which patients benefit from surgery remains a challenge. For patients who decide on surgery, the optimal timing is unknown. The complexity of these questions requires an individualized approach, taking into account the expertise of the surgeon, the condition of the patient, and the biology of the tumor. Published by Elsevier Inc.